Xie L, Sapozhnikova Y, Bawardi O, Schlenk D
Department of Environmental Science, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92507, USA.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2005 Jan;48(1):81-6. doi: 10.1007/s00244-004-0062-8.
The effects of wetland wastewater treatment on estrogenic activity and estrogenic activity of water after tertiary treatment were evaluated using in vivo (rainbow trout vitellogenin [VTG] expression) and in vitro (yeast estrogen screening) assays. Juvenile rainbow trout exposed to tertiary-treated wastewater from the Green Acres Treatment Plant in Orange County Water District had increased plasma VTG levels compared with control fish. When trout were exposed to wastewater-dominated water before it entered into Prado Wetland (Riverside County, CA), VTG concentrations were increased above those of controls and were not significantly different from fish exposed to water exiting the wetland. VTG E2-equivalent concentrations (EEQs) of the water samples from the Green Acres Plant were 16.92 +/- 16.49 ng/L. Activity of water entering Prado Wetland was 29.80 +/- 28.41 ng/L EEQ, and water exiting was 24.34 +/- 23.17 ng/L EEQ. In vitro assays estimated that estrogenic activity of water from the Green Acres Plant was <1 ng/L EEQ, whereas water entering and exiting Prado Wetland had yeast estrogen screening EEQs of 2.57 and <1 ng/L, respectively. Our results suggest that environmental estrogens that are not potent estrogen-receptor ligands exist in wastewaters from the Green Acres Plant as well as water entering and exiting Prado Wetland. Wetland treatment did not remove environmental estrogens in the water. Our results also suggest that in vitro assays may underestimate estrogenic activity of sampled water.
采用体内试验（虹鳟鱼卵黄蛋白原[VTG]表达）和体外试验（酵母雌激素筛选）评估了湿地废水处理对雌激素活性以及三级处理后水的雌激素活性的影响。与对照鱼相比，暴露于橙县水区绿亩污水处理厂三级处理后废水的幼年虹鳟鱼血浆VTG水平有所升高。当虹鳟鱼暴露于进入普拉多湿地（加利福尼亚州河滨县）之前以废水为主的水体时，VTG浓度高于对照组，且与暴露于湿地出水的鱼没有显著差异。绿亩污水处理厂水样的VTG E2等效浓度（EEQs）为16.92±16.49 ng/L。进入普拉多湿地的水体活性为29.80±28.41 ng/L EEQ，出水为24.34±23.17 ng/L EEQ。体外试验估计，绿亩污水处理厂水体的雌激素活性<1 ng/L EEQ，而进入和流出普拉多湿地的水体酵母雌激素筛选EEQs分别为2.57和<1 ng/L。我们的结果表明，绿亩污水处理厂废水以及进入和流出普拉多湿地的水体中存在非强效雌激素受体配体的环境雌激素。湿地处理并未去除水中的环境雌激素。我们的结果还表明，体外试验可能低估了采样水体的雌激素活性。
