Frank B, Lorenzoni E
Neurologische Klinik mit Klinischer Neurophysiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1992 Feb;60(2):74-85. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-999126.
"Phantom limb" is a well-known phenomenon following loss or amputation of a limb. The limb still seems to be present, although it is no longer there, but the sensation is not associated with pain. Less well-known are the phenomena of autosomatognosis and pain after the loss of other parts of the body such as the genital parts or after partial or complete deafferentiations as in a traumatic transverse syndrome, lesion of the brachial plexus, or lesions of the CNS. Although many hypotheses have been advanced to explain the pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in these phenomena, the pathogenetic fundamentals have not been properly clarified to date. That is also why manifold approaches have evolved to treat phantom limb pain. The authors survey the literature published so far on this subject and report on their own studies. This gives an overall view of the many aspects of autosomatognosis, phantom limb pain, hypotheses on pathophysiology, and the currently employed treatment strategies.
“幻肢”是肢体缺失或截肢后一种广为人知的现象。尽管肢体已不复存在，但仍感觉它似乎还在，不过这种感觉并不伴有疼痛。身体其他部位如生殖器部位缺失后，或者在经历创伤性横贯综合征、臂丛神经损伤或中枢神经系统损伤等部分或完全去传入神经作用后出现的自体认知障碍和疼痛现象，则鲜为人知。尽管已经提出了许多假说来解释导致这些现象的病理生理机制，但迄今为止，发病的基本原理尚未得到恰当阐明。这也是为何出现了多种治疗幻肢痛的方法。作者们查阅了迄今为止关于该主题发表的文献，并报告了他们自己的研究。这全面展现了自体认知障碍、幻肢痛、病理生理学假说以及当前所采用的治疗策略等诸多方面的情况。
