Dhonukshe-Rutten Rosalie A M, Vossenaar Marieke, West Clive E, Schümann Klaus, Bulux Jesus, Solomons Noel W
Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, The Netherlands.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2005 Feb;40(2):128-34; discussion 120-1. doi: 10.1097/00005176-200502000-00009.
To assess the within-subject and between-subject coefficients of variation (CV) of iron, zinc and copper concentrations in the milk of Guatemalan mothers.
We performed a cross-sectional study in lactating women who had delivered a healthy infant 1 to 6 months previously in two low-income peri-urban areas (San Bartolome Milpas Altas and Ciudad Peronia) and a low-income rural area (San Juan Chamelco) in Guatemala. Women infested with Ascaris lumbricoides or Trichuris trichiura received a single dose of albendazole (400 mg) or placebo. Two weeks after treatment, milk samples were collected on 3 or 4 consecutive days. Trace element concentrations in milk were measured by inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectrometry.
The instrumental error of the inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectrometry method, expressed as SD, was 0.04, 0.27 and 0.02 mg/L for iron, zinc and copper, respectively. Concentrations in milk samples collected from 47 mothers on 3 or 4 consecutive days, expressed as mean +/- SD, were 0.28 +/- 0.13, 2.03 +/- 0.37 and 0.29 +/- 0.07 mg/L for iron, zinc and copper, respectively. The within-subject CV was 46.1%, 18.2%, and 22.8% and the between-subject CV was 61.2%, 48.3% and 31.7% for iron, zinc and copper, respectively. Stage of lactation, infestation with intestinal parasites and residential area had a significant influence on milk zinc, copper and iron concentrations.
One sample of milk is sufficient to give a reliable estimate of the zinc concentration in milk. Two samples taken on consecutive days are required for a reliable estimate of iron and copper concentrations.
评估危地马拉母亲乳汁中铁、锌和铜浓度的个体内和个体间变异系数（CV）。
我们对危地马拉两个低收入城郊地区（圣巴托洛梅米尔帕斯阿尔塔斯和佩罗尼亚城）以及一个低收入农村地区（圣胡安查梅尔科）中在1至6个月前分娩了健康婴儿的哺乳期妇女进行了一项横断面研究。感染蛔虫或鞭虫的妇女接受单剂量阿苯达唑（400毫克）或安慰剂治疗。治疗两周后，连续3或4天采集乳汁样本。通过电感耦合等离子体/原子发射光谱法测量乳汁中的微量元素浓度。
电感耦合等离子体/原子发射光谱法的仪器误差，以标准差表示，铁、锌和铜分别为0.04、0.27和0.02毫克/升。从47位母亲连续3或4天采集的乳汁样本中的浓度，以平均值±标准差表示，铁、锌和铜分别为0.28±0.13、2.03±0.37和0.29±0.07毫克/升。铁、锌和铜的个体内CV分别为46.1%、18.2%和22.8%，个体间CV分别为61.2%、48.3%和31.7%。哺乳期阶段、肠道寄生虫感染和居住地区对乳汁锌、铜和铁浓度有显著影响。
一份乳汁样本足以可靠地估计乳汁中的锌浓度。要可靠地估计铁和铜浓度，需要连续两天采集两份样本。
