Assiamah M, Nam T L, Keddy R J
Health Physics Service/Schonland Research Institute for Nuclear Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2005 Apr;62(4):551-60. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.09.010.
The application of X-rays and ionising radiations for diagnostic radiology requires that the procedure is justified and optimised and that the exposure to the patient is kept as low as possible, without compromising image information. X-ray mammography is considered to be the most sensitive technique currently available for early detection of breast cancer. The magnitude of the absorbed radiation dose to the breast from mammography X-ray beams forms an important part of the quality control of the mammographic examination since it gives an indication of the performance of the mammographic imaging system as well as an estimated risk to the patient. In this work mean glandular dose (MGD) values were obtained at various tube potentials and tube loadings (TL) using direct measurements of the incident air kerma (ESAK) at the surface of a standard breast phantom and also from spectral measurements acquired with a solid-state detector. Comparisons of the MGD values thus derived are presented and the relationship between MGD, phantom thickness, image quality and tube operating parameters is discussed.
将X射线和电离辐射应用于放射诊断学，要求该程序合理且优化，并且在不影响图像信息的情况下，使患者所受照射尽可能低。乳腺X线摄影被认为是目前早期检测乳腺癌最敏感的技术。乳腺X线摄影X线束对乳房的吸收辐射剂量大小，是乳腺X线检查质量控制的重要组成部分，因为它能表明乳腺X线成像系统的性能以及对患者的估计风险。在这项工作中，通过直接测量标准乳房体模表面的入射空气比释动能（ESAK）以及使用固态探测器进行的能谱测量，获得了不同管电压和管负载（TL）下的平均腺体剂量（MGD）值。给出了由此得出的MGD值的比较结果，并讨论了MGD、体模厚度、图像质量和管操作参数之间的关系。
