Myers Joseph B, Laudner Kevin G, Pasquale Maria R, Bradley James P, Lephart Scott M
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2005 Feb;33(2):263-71. doi: 10.1177/0363546504268138.
Despite the recognized importance of proper 3-dimensional motion of the scapula in throwers, minimal research has quantified scapular position and orientation in throwing athletes.
Throwing athletes exhibit scapular position and orientation differences when compared to nonthrowing control subjects.
Descriptive laboratory study.
Scapular position and orientation during scapular plane humeral elevation were assessed with electromagnetic tracking in a group of 21 throwing athletes and 21 control subjects. Scapular upward/downward rotation, internal/external rotation, anterior/posterior tipping, elevation/depression, and protraction/retraction were assessed.
The throwing athletes demonstrated significantly increased upward rotation, internal rotation, and retraction of the scapula during humeral elevation. No differences in anterior/posterior tipping and elevation/depression were present.
The results indicate that throwing athletes have scapular position and orientation differences compared to non-throwing athletes. This suggests that throwers develop chronic adaptation for more efficient performance of the throwing motion.
Clinicians evaluate scapular position, orientation, and movement in throwing athletes as part of the evaluation of shoulder injuries associated with the throwing motion. The current study provides clinicians with an understanding of the types of adaptations that may be observed in normal, healthy throwing athletes.
尽管人们已经认识到肩胛骨在投掷运动员中进行适当三维运动的重要性，但对投掷运动员肩胛骨位置和方向进行量化研究的却很少。
与非投掷对照受试者相比，投掷运动员存在肩胛骨位置和方向差异。
描述性实验室研究。
采用电磁跟踪技术，对21名投掷运动员和21名对照受试者在肩胛骨平面肱骨抬高过程中的肩胛骨位置和方向进行评估。评估了肩胛骨的向上/向下旋转、内/外旋转、前/后倾斜、抬高/降低以及前伸/后缩情况。
投掷运动员在肱骨抬高过程中肩胛骨向上旋转、内旋和后缩明显增加。前后倾斜和抬高/降低方面无差异。
结果表明，与非投掷运动员相比，投掷运动员存在肩胛骨位置和方向差异。这表明投掷运动员为了更高效地完成投掷动作而产生了慢性适应性变化。
临床医生在评估与投掷动作相关的肩部损伤时，会评估投掷运动员的肩胛骨位置、方向和运动情况。本研究为临床医生提供了对正常、健康投掷运动员可能观察到的适应性变化类型的认识。
