监狱，结核病预防中被忽视的机会。

Jails, a neglected opportunity for tuberculosis prevention.

作者信息

MacNeil Jessica R, McRill Cheryl, Steinhauser Gale, Weisbuch Jonathan B, Williams Elizabeth, Wilson Mark L

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

出版信息

Am J Prev Med. 2005 Feb;28(2):225-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.006.

DOI:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.006

PMID:15710280

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The proportion of tuberculosis (TB) cases diagnosed among residents of correctional facilities in Arizona increased from 2.7% in 1993 to 8.0% in 2000, while the national average remained at approximately 4%. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportion of TB cases in Maricopa County, Arizona with a history of incarceration in the local county jail, and to describe missed opportunities for the prevention and early detection of active TB cases in this population.

METHODS

A cross-match was used to identify persons reported to have TB in Maricopa County in 1999 and 2000 who also had a history of incarceration in the county jail. Jail medical records of cases were reviewed to determine if they had been screened for TB while incarcerated and the type of screening received. TB isolates for cases who had been in jail were genotyped using IS6110 restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) with secondary spoligotyping.

RESULTS

Nearly one quarter (24.3%) of TB cases had a history of incarceration in the county jail. Most (82.8%) received no TB screening while in jail. Of 34 cases with available isolates, six shared a single genotype by RFLP and spoligotyping.

CONCLUSIONS

Increased screening and treatment of latent TB infection in jails might assist with TB control in the community.

摘要

背景

亚利桑那州惩教设施居民中确诊的结核病（TB）病例比例从1993年的2.7%增至2000年的8.0%，而全国平均水平约为4%。本研究旨在确定亚利桑那州马里科帕县有在当地县监狱监禁史的结核病病例比例，并描述该人群中预防和早期发现活动性结核病病例的错失机会。

方法

采用交叉匹配法识别1999年和2000年在马里科帕县报告患有结核病且有县监狱监禁史的人员。查阅病例的监狱医疗记录，以确定他们在监禁期间是否接受过结核病筛查以及接受的筛查类型。对曾入狱的病例的结核分枝杆菌分离株使用IS6110限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）并辅以间隔寡核苷酸分型（spoligotyping）进行基因分型。