Waitzman A A, Posnick J C, Armstrong D C, Pron G E
Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 1992 Mar;29(2):118-28. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_1992_029_0118_csmboc_2.3.co_2.
Current diagnosis and surgical correction of craniofacial anomalies would benefit from accurate quantitative and standardized points of reference. A retrospective study was undertaken to define normal values for a series of craniofacial measurements and to evaluate the growth patterns of the craniofacial complex through axial computed tomography (CT). Fifteen measurements were taken from 542 CT scan series of skeletally normal subjects. The measurement values were then divided into 1-year age categories from 1 to 17 years, and into four age groups for those under 1 year of age. The normal range and growth pattern of measurement values for the cranial vault, orbital region, and upper midface are presented. The overall size of the cranio-orbito-zygomatic skeleton reaches more than 85 percent of adult size by age 5 years. The cranial vault grows rapidly in the first year of life but growth levels off early. The upper midface grows at a slower rate in infancy, but continues to grow later in childhood and early adolescence. Knowledge of the differential growth patterns and normal measurement values in the craniofacial region will help improve diagnostic accuracy, staging of reconstruction, precision of corrective surgery, and follow-up of patients.
颅面畸形的当前诊断和手术矫正将受益于准确的定量和标准化参考点。进行了一项回顾性研究，以确定一系列颅面测量的正常值，并通过轴向计算机断层扫描（CT）评估颅面复合体的生长模式。从542例骨骼正常受试者的CT扫描系列中获取了15项测量值。然后将测量值按年龄分为1至17岁的1年年龄组，以及1岁以下的四个年龄组。给出了颅顶、眶区和上颌中面部测量值的正常范围和生长模式。到5岁时，颅眶颧骨骼的整体大小达到成人大小的85%以上。颅顶在生命的第一年生长迅速，但早期生长趋于平稳。上颌中面部在婴儿期生长较慢，但在儿童期和青春期早期继续生长。了解颅面区域的差异生长模式和正常测量值将有助于提高诊断准确性、重建分期、矫正手术的精度以及患者的随访。
