Hilário Ana, Young Craig M, Tyler Paul A
School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, SOC, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH UK.
Biol Bull. 2005 Feb;208(1):20-8. doi: 10.2307/3593097.
Vestimentiferan tubeworms are ecologically important members of deep-sea chemosynthetic communities, including hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. Some are community dominants and others are primary colonists of new vent sites; they include some of the longest living and fastest growing marine invertebrates. Their mechanisms of propagation, dispersal, and genetic exchange have been widely discussed. Direct sperm transfer from males to females has been documented in one species, Ridgeia piscesae, but others are known to discharge what are apparently primary oocytes. Brooding of embryos has never been observed in any vestimentiferan. These observations have led to the supposition that fertilization might be external in most species. Here we report sperm storage at the posterior end of the oviduct in five species, including tubeworms from both vents and seeps. We show experimentally that most eggs are inseminated internally, that fertilization rate is typically lower than 100%, that meiosis is completed after eggs are released from the female, and that the dispersal phase includes the entire embryonic period.
铠甲管虫是深海化学合成群落（包括热液喷口和冷泉）中具有重要生态意义的成员。有些是群落中的优势物种，有些则是新喷口区域的主要拓殖者；它们包括一些寿命最长、生长最快的海洋无脊椎动物。它们的繁殖、扩散和基因交换机制已被广泛讨论。在一种铠甲管虫——多毛虫中，已记录到雄性向雌性直接传递精子，但其他种类已知会排出明显的初级卵母细胞。在任何铠甲管虫中都从未观察到胚胎育幼现象。这些观察结果导致人们推测，大多数物种的受精可能是体外受精。在此，我们报告了在包括来自喷口和冷泉的管虫在内的五个物种的输卵管后端发现精子储存现象。我们通过实验表明，大多数卵是体内受精，受精率通常低于100%，减数分裂在卵从雌性排出后完成，并且扩散阶段包括整个胚胎期。
