Nakashima Jun
Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2005 Feb;63(2):241-6.
Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used for the screening and early detection of prostate cancer. We are, however, confronted with the dilemma that a significant number of unnecessary biopsies are unavoidable especially in the serum PSA range of 4 to 10ng/ ml. It has been reported that age-specific PSA reference ranges, PSA velocity, PSA molecular forms and volume-adjusted PSA are valuable tools to improve specificity for early diagnosis of prostate cancer. In recent years, free PSA has been demonstrated to be composed of several isoforms including pPSA, BPSA and so on. Clinical values of these new PSA isoforms as well as human glandular kallikrein 2 are anticipated to be fully investigated to reduce unnecessary biopsies without missing a significant number of prostate cancer in the near future.
血清前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）用于前列腺癌的筛查和早期检测。然而，我们面临着一个困境，即大量不必要的活检是不可避免的，尤其是在血清PSA水平为4至10ng/ml的范围内。据报道，年龄特异性PSA参考范围、PSA速率、PSA分子形式和体积校正后的PSA是提高前列腺癌早期诊断特异性的有价值工具。近年来，已证明游离PSA由几种异构体组成，包括pPSA、BPSA等。预计在不久的将来，将对这些新的PSA异构体以及人腺体激肽释放酶2的临床价值进行充分研究，以减少不必要的活检，同时又不会遗漏大量前列腺癌病例。
