Brown Douglas L
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Department of Radiology, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Ultrasound Q. 2005 Mar;21(1):27-37.
Ultrasound is generally the first imaging method employed when complications are suspected in the pelvis during the postpartum or postabortion period. Much of focus in this regard is in patients with abnormal vaginal bleeding, where one generally wants to know if there are retained products of conception. While ultrasound plays a major role in assessing these problems, there is a lack of consensus on the best sonographic features to use. We will review the ultrasound features that may be useful to identify retained products of conception and will also focus on the overlap of normal and abnormal findings in such patients. Further, we will discuss other issues in the postpartum patient, such as complications unique to the post cesarean-section patient, unusual causes of vaginal bleeding, uterine rupture, uterine arteriovenous malformations, and ovarian vein thrombosis.
超声通常是产后或流产后怀疑骨盆出现并发症时首先采用的成像方法。这方面的重点大多在于有异常阴道出血的患者，通常想了解是否存在妊娠物残留。虽然超声在评估这些问题中起主要作用，但对于最佳超声特征的使用尚无共识。我们将回顾可能有助于识别妊娠物残留的超声特征，也将关注此类患者正常与异常表现的重叠情况。此外，我们还将讨论产后患者的其他问题，如剖宫产患者特有的并发症、阴道出血的不寻常原因、子宫破裂、子宫动静脉畸形和卵巢静脉血栓形成。
