Lambert Julie, Bard Chantal
Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 525 Wilfrid-Hamel Blvd, Aile McCowell, Quebec, G1M 2S8, Canada.
Neurosci Lett. 2005 Mar 22;377(1):1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.058. Epub 2004 Dec 15.
The aim of this study was to investigate motor performance and visuomanual control through the analysis of Fitts' law in 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old children and adults performing a constrained two-dimensional pointing task. Participants were required to point and click on targets appearing on a laptop computer screen with a standard computer mouse. Three sizes of targets were used to create different indexes of difficulty. Analysis first showed linear visuomanual abilities to perform bi-dimensional pointing movements. It appears that developmental motor performance changes are due to combined enhanced programming processes and online feedback processing. Immature visuomanual control of 10-year-old children could be explained by higher cognitive requirements related to the task. As predicted by Fitts' law, movement time linearly decreases with the enlargement of target width. Moreover, a regression analysis of movement time on index of difficulty (ID) clearly showed significant differences for cognitive processing capacities with age: increasing ID effects are more dramatic in younger children performing computer mouse pointing movements.
本研究的目的是通过分析6岁、8岁、10岁儿童及成人在执行受限二维指向任务时的菲茨定律，来探究运动表现和视觉手动控制能力。参与者需用标准电脑鼠标在笔记本电脑屏幕上出现的目标上进行点击操作。使用了三种尺寸的目标来创建不同的难度指标。分析首先表明，在执行二维指向动作时，视觉手动能力呈线性变化。发育过程中的运动表现变化似乎是由于编程过程和在线反馈处理的共同增强所致。10岁儿童不成熟的视觉手动控制能力可以通过与任务相关的更高认知要求来解释。正如菲茨定律所预测的，运动时间会随着目标宽度的增大而线性减少。此外，对运动时间与难度指标（ID）的回归分析清楚地显示出，不同年龄段在认知处理能力方面存在显著差异：在进行电脑鼠标指向动作的年幼儿童中，ID增加所产生的影响更为显著。
