Volkov I K, Katosova L K, Shcherbakova N Iu, Kliukina L P
Antibiot Khimioter. 2004;49(8-9):43-7.
Examination of 700 children with chronic and relapsing respiratory tract infections showed that during the period from 1996 to 2003 Moraxella catarrhalis strains were isolated from the sputum of 5.5-9.7% of the patients. The frequency of the emergence was the third after Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In healthy children M. catarrhalis was isolated in 2.7% of the cases. The most frequent detection of M. catarrhalis was stated in children under 1 year (4.5%). The antibiotic susceptibility tests revealed that the majority of the M. catarrhalis isolates had beta-lactamase activity, were resistant to benzylpenicillin, ampicillin and lincomycin and highly susceptible to amoxycillin/clavulanate, macrolides, certain cephalosporins and levofloxacin. The isolates were most frequent in the patients of the rather severe contingent (congenital lung disease, alveolitis, chronic pneumonia, bronchial asthma). In such patients the bronchoobstructive syndrome was more frequent (46.6%). High frequency of the affection of the upper respiratory tracts in the examined children was stated (62.1%).
对700名患有慢性和复发性呼吸道感染的儿童进行检查发现，在1996年至2003年期间，从5.5%至9.7%的患者痰液中分离出卡他莫拉菌菌株。其出现频率仅次于流感嗜血杆菌和肺炎链球菌，位居第三。在健康儿童中，2.7%的病例分离出了卡他莫拉菌。卡他莫拉菌在1岁以下儿童中检出率最高（4.5%）。抗生素敏感性试验表明，大多数卡他莫拉菌分离株具有β-内酰胺酶活性，对苄青霉素、氨苄西林和林可霉素耐药，对阿莫西林/克拉维酸、大环内酯类、某些头孢菌素和左氧氟沙星高度敏感。分离株在病情较重的患者（先天性肺部疾病、肺泡炎、慢性肺炎、支气管哮喘）中最为常见。在这类患者中，支气管阻塞综合征更为常见（46.6%）。在所检查的儿童中，上呼吸道感染的发生率较高（62.1%）。
