Quilbé Renaud, Serreau Christophe, Wicherek Stanislas, Bernard Claude, Thomas Yolène, Oudinet Jean-Paul
Centre de Biogéographie-Ecologie, FRE 2545 CNRS/ENS-LSH, Lyon cedex 07, France.
Environ Monit Assess. 2005 Jan;100(1-3):177-90. doi: 10.1007/s10661-005-4773-8.
Wastewater sludges are used in agriculture as soil amendment and fertilizer, with regard to their organic matter and nutrient content. However, availability of nitrogen and phosphorus from sludge-amended soils and their transfer in runoff may lead to eutrophication of downstream surface water. The aim of this study is to establish and compare the effect of two different sludges on these transfers: an anaerobically digested and thermically stabilised sludge (Seine-Aval treatment plant, sludge no. 1), and a limed sludge (Saint-Quentin treatment plant, sludge no. 2). Experiments were performed on 12 sloping micro-plots (1 m x 1 m) submitted to sludge spreading and controlled rainfall simulation. Runoff water was sampled and analysed for concentrations in nitrogen species and phosphorus. Results show that spreading of sludge no. 1 increased both ammonium nitrogen (mean of 1.1 mg L(-1) N-NH4 vs. 0.2 mg L(-1) N-NH4 for control micro-plots) and particulate phosphorus concentrations (mean of 2 mg L(-1) P vs. 1.1 mg L(-1) P for control micro-plots) in runoff water. On the other hand, sludge no. 2 did not induce any significant effect on nutrient concentrations in runoff. These results are related to chemical composition and physical treatment of sludges. This study underlines the existence of a short-term risk of nutrient mobilisation by runoff after sludge spreading on soil, and the need to check precisely the impact of this practice on water quality.
鉴于其有机质和养分含量，废水污泥被用作农业土壤改良剂和肥料。然而，污泥改良土壤中氮和磷的有效性及其在径流中的转移可能导致下游地表水富营养化。本研究的目的是确定并比较两种不同污泥对这些转移的影响：一种是厌氧消化和热稳定化污泥（塞纳-阿瓦尔污水处理厂，污泥1号），另一种是加石灰污泥（圣康坦污水处理厂，污泥2号）。在12个倾斜的微型地块（1米×1米）上进行了实验，这些地块进行了污泥撒施并模拟了可控降雨。采集径流样本并分析其中氮素和磷的浓度。结果表明，污泥1号的撒施增加了径流水中铵态氮（对照微型地块平均为0.2毫克/升N-NH4，而处理后平均为1.1毫克/升N-NH4）和颗粒态磷的浓度（对照微型地块平均为1.1毫克/升P，而处理后平均为2毫克/升P）。另一方面，污泥2号对径流中的养分浓度没有产生任何显著影响。这些结果与污泥的化学成分和物理处理有关。本研究强调了在土壤上撒施污泥后径流造成养分短期迁移的风险，以及精确核查这种做法对水质影响的必要性。
