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1
Molecular epidemiology and prevalence of macrolide efflux genes mef(A) and mef(E) in Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained in Canada from 1997 to 2002.1997年至2002年在加拿大获取的肺炎链球菌中大环内酯外排基因mef(A)和mef(E)的分子流行病学及流行情况
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Mar;49(3):1257-61. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.3.1257-1261.2005.
2
Macrolide resistance mechanisms among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated over 6 years of Canadian Respiratory Organism Susceptibility Study (CROSS) (1998 2004).在加拿大呼吸道病原体药敏试验（CROSS，1998 - 2004年）的6年期间分离出的肺炎链球菌中的大环内酯类耐药机制。
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2007 Oct;60(4):733-40. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkm273. Epub 2007 Aug 2.
3
Molecular characterisation of Canadian paediatric multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from 1998-2004.1998 - 2004年加拿大儿科耐多药肺炎链球菌的分子特征分析
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2006 Nov;28(5):465-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.005. Epub 2006 Oct 16.
4
mef(A), mef(E) and a new mef allele in macrolide-resistant Streptococcus spp. isolates from Norway.来自挪威的大环内酯类耐药链球菌属分离株中的mef(A)、mef(E)和一种新的mef等位基因。
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2005 Nov;56(5):841-6. doi: 10.1093/jac/dki327. Epub 2005 Sep 19.
5
Macrolide resistance determinants in erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Turkey.土耳其耐红霉素肺炎链球菌中的大环内酯类耐药决定因素
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2008 Nov;61(6):490-3.
6
Macrolide resistance and genotypic characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Asian countries: a study of the Asian Network for Surveillance of Resistant Pathogens (ANSORP).亚洲国家肺炎链球菌的大环内酯类耐药性及基因型特征：亚洲耐药病原体监测网络（ANSORP）的一项研究
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004 Mar;53(3):457-63. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkh118. Epub 2004 Feb 12.
7
Molecular characterisation of Hungarian macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, including three highly resistant strains with the mef gene.匈牙利大环内酯类耐药肺炎链球菌分离株的分子特征，包括三株携带mef基因的高耐药菌株。
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2005 Jun;25(6):488-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.02.010.
8
Characterization and prevalence of MefA, MefE, and the associated msr(D) gene in Streptococcus pneumoniae clinical isolates.肺炎链球菌临床分离株中MefA、MefE及相关msr(D)基因的特征与流行情况
J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Aug;42(8):3570-4. doi: 10.1128/JCM.42.8.3570-3574.2004.
9
Macrolide efflux in Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by a dual efflux pump (mel and mef) and is erythromycin inducible.肺炎链球菌中的大环内酯外排由双外排泵（mel和mef）介导，且对红霉素具有诱导性。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Oct;49(10):4203-9. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.10.4203-4209.2005.
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Rise of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates containing both erm(B) and mef(E) genes from an adult tertiary care community hospital system.来自一家成人三级医疗社区医院系统的同时含有erm(B)和mef(E)基因的肺炎链球菌分离株的出现。
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006 Aug;55(4):327-31. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.01.030. Epub 2006 Apr 19.

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1
Macrolide Resistance in .……中的大环内酯类耐药性
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2016 Sep 21;6:98. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00098. eCollection 2016.
2
Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: an update.细菌中由外排介导的耐药性：最新进展
Drugs. 2009 Aug 20;69(12):1555-623. doi: 10.2165/11317030-000000000-00000.
3
The mef(E)-carrying genetic element (mega) of Streptococcus pneumoniae: insertion sites and association with other genetic elements.肺炎链球菌携带mef(E)的遗传元件（巨型元件）：插入位点及其与其他遗传元件的关联。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Oct;50(10):3361-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00277-06.
4
Increase of the M phenotype among erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Spain related to the serotype 14 variant of the Spain9V-3 clone.来自西班牙的耐红霉素肺炎链球菌分离株中M表型增加，与Spain9V-3克隆的14型变体有关。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Sep;50(9):3162-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00269-06.
5
Molecular characterization of pneumococci with efflux-mediated erythromycin resistance and identification of a novel mef gene subclass, mef(I).具有外排介导的红霉素耐药性肺炎球菌的分子特征及新型mef基因亚类mef(I)的鉴定
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Dec;49(12):4999-5006. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.12.4999-5006.2005.
6
Expression of the mef(E) gene encoding the macrolide efflux pump protein increases in Streptococcus pneumoniae with increasing resistance to macrolides.编码大环内酯外排泵蛋白的mef(E)基因在肺炎链球菌中的表达随着对大环内酯类耐药性的增加而升高。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Nov;49(11):4635-40. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.11.4635-4640.2005.

本文引用的文献

1
Molecular epidemiology of penicillin-susceptible non-beta-lactam-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Greek children.来自希腊儿童的青霉素敏感且非β-内酰胺耐药的肺炎链球菌分离株的分子流行病学
J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Dec;41(12):5633-9. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.12.5633-5639.2003.
2
Emergence of macrolide resistance in throat culture isolates of group a streptococci in Ontario, Canada, in 2001.2001年加拿大安大略省A组链球菌咽喉培养分离株中大环内酯类耐药性的出现。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jul;47(7):2370-2. doi: 10.1128/AAC.47.7.2370-2372.2003.
3
Molecular epidemiology of penicillin-resistant and ciprofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada.加拿大耐青霉素和耐环丙沙星肺炎链球菌的分子流行病学
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Feb;47(2):804-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.47.2.804-808.2003.
4
Phenotypes and genotypes of erythromycin-resistant pneumococci in Italy.意大利耐红霉素肺炎球菌的表型与基因型
J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Jan;41(1):428-31. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.1.428-431.2003.
5
Molecular epidemiology of erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from blood and noninvasive sites.肺炎链球菌血液及非侵袭性部位分离株对红霉素耐药性的分子流行病学研究
J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Sep;40(9):3313-8. doi: 10.1128/JCM.40.9.3313-3318.2002.
6
Macrolide efflux genes mef(A) and mef(E) are carried by different genetic elements in Streptococcus pneumoniae.大环内酯外排基因mef(A)和mef(E)由肺炎链球菌中的不同遗传元件携带。
J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Mar;40(3):774-8. doi: 10.1128/JCM.40.3.774-778.2002.
7
Macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada during 1998-1999: prevalence of mef(A) and erm(B) and susceptibilities to ketolides.1998 - 1999年加拿大耐大环内酯类肺炎链球菌：mef(A)和erm(B)的流行情况以及对酮内酯类的敏感性
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Jul;45(7):2147-50. doi: 10.1128/AAC.45.7.2147-2150.2001.
8
Structure and dissemination of a chromosomal insertion element encoding macrolide efflux in Streptococcus pneumoniae.肺炎链球菌中编码大环内酯外排的染色体插入元件的结构与传播
J Infect Dis. 2001 Jul 1;184(1):56-65. doi: 10.1086/321001. Epub 2001 May 31.
9
Characterization of a genetic element carrying the macrolide efflux gene mef(A) in Streptococcus pneumoniae.肺炎链球菌中携带大环内酯类外排基因mef(A)的遗传元件的特征分析
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Sep;44(9):2585-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.44.9.2585-2587.2000.
10
Patterns of macrolide resistance determinants among community-acquired Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates over a 5-year period of decreased macrolide susceptibility rates.在大环内酯类药物敏感性降低率的5年期间，社区获得性肺炎链球菌分离株中大环内酯类耐药决定因素的模式。
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Oct;43(10):2510-2. doi: 10.1128/AAC.43.10.2510.

1997年至2002年在加拿大获取的肺炎链球菌中大环内酯外排基因mef(A)和mef(E)的分子流行病学及流行情况

Molecular epidemiology and prevalence of macrolide efflux genes mef(A) and mef(E) in Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained in Canada from 1997 to 2002.

作者信息

Wierzbowski Aleksandra K, Swedlo Dean, Boyd Dave, Mulvey Michael, Nichol Kim A, Hoban Daryl J, Zhanel George G

机构信息

Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada.

出版信息

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Mar;49(3):1257-61. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.3.1257-1261.2005.

DOI:10.1128/AAC.49.3.1257-1261.2005
PMID:15728944
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC549219/
Abstract

One hundred forty M phenotype Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Molecular genotyping revealed that the predominant macrolide resistance mechanism in S. pneumoniae in Canada is mef(E) and resistance dissemination is due to both spread of the genetic element MEGA as well as clonal dissemination of penicillin- and/or macrolide-resistant strains.

摘要

通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析、血清分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳对140株M型肺炎链球菌分离株进行了评估。分子基因分型显示，加拿大肺炎链球菌中主要的大环内酯类耐药机制是mef(E)，耐药性传播是由于遗传元件MEGA的传播以及青霉素和/或大环内酯类耐药菌株的克隆传播。