Sarker Malabika, Neckermann Christina, Müller Olaf
Department of Tropical Hygiene and Public Health, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Germany.
Trop Med Int Health. 2005 Mar;10(3):210-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01377.x.
The huge number of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) orphans is an important feature of the epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. There are few and conflicting data on the effects of being orphaned on health and nutrition in the highly affected HIV endemic areas of Africa. This study reports findings from a cross-sectional survey on associations between orphan status and health and nutrition parameters in young children of urban Uganda. A high prevalence of orphans was reported from a central Kampala community, with 41% being attributed to HIV/AIDS. Although there was a higher prevalence of self-reported morbidity in orphans than non-orphans, there were no differences in reported treatment seeking behaviour and measured anthropometric parameters. Hence it seems that the extended family system still manages to care for young orphans. Paying school fees for older children should be the primary target for HIV/AIDS impact mitigation programs in urban Uganda.
大量的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）/获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）孤儿是撒哈拉以南非洲地区这一流行病的一个重要特征。在非洲受HIV严重影响的流行地区，关于成为孤儿对健康和营养的影响的数据很少且相互矛盾。本研究报告了一项横断面调查的结果，该调查涉及乌干达城市地区幼儿的孤儿身份与健康和营养参数之间的关联。据报告，坎帕拉市中心一个社区的孤儿患病率很高，其中41%归因于HIV/AIDS。尽管孤儿自我报告的发病率高于非孤儿，但在报告的寻求治疗行为和测量的人体测量参数方面没有差异。因此，似乎大家庭制度仍能设法照顾年幼的孤儿。为年长儿童支付学费应成为乌干达城市地区减轻HIV/AIDS影响项目的首要目标。
