Kolour A Kheradmand, Batavani R A, Ardabili F Farrokhi
Clinical Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lorestan, PO Box 465, Khorram Abad, Iran.
J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2005 Mar;52(2):74-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2005.00691.x.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on the first day of ultrasonic detection of embryo and its organs using 8 MHz frequency. For this purpose, six nulliparous heifers, five primiparous cows and six multiparous cows of the Holstein breed were selected and mated by a single bull from the herd. From day 16 after mating, cows and heifers were examined by ultrasonography thrice weekly for the day of first detection of the embryo and its organs. The mean of first-day detection in heifers, primiparous and multiparous cows was as follows, respectively: allantois on days 22.3, 23 and 25.8; embryo proper on days 21.8, 23 and 27; heartbeat of embryo on days 26.1, 26.6 and 31.1; amnion on days 31, 31 and 30.8; limb buds on days 29.5, 28.8 and 30.6; stomach (abomasum) on days 32.2, 38.6 and 36.8; spinal column on days 32.6, 33.4 and 37.3; placentomes on days 33.3, 37 and 35.3; eyes on days 35.1, 35.4 and 38.6 and lens on days 40, 41.4 and 44. Although the mean of first day observation of all structures in heifers tends to be earlier than in the other groups, statistically, allantois, the embryo proper and its heartbeat in heifers and primipara were visualized significantly earlier than in multiparous cows. However, there were no differences between heifers and primiparous cows.
本研究的目的是使用8兆赫频率确定胎次对胚胎及其器官超声检测首日的影响。为此，选择了6头未产荷斯坦小母牛、5头初产母牛和6头经产母牛，并由牛群中的一头公牛进行配种。配种后第16天起，对母牛和小母牛每周进行三次超声检查，以确定胚胎及其器官首次检测的日期。未产小母牛、初产母牛和经产母牛首次检测日期的平均值分别如下：尿囊分别在第22.3天、23天和25.8天；胚体分别在第21.8天、23天和27天；胚胎心跳分别在第26.1天、26.6天和31.1天；羊膜分别在第31天、31天和30.8天；肢芽分别在第29.5天、28.8天和30.6天；胃（皱胃）分别在第32.2天、38.6天和36.8天；脊柱分别在第32.6天、33.4天和37.3天；胎盘小叶分别在第33.3天、37天和35.3天；眼睛分别在第35.1天、35.4天和38.6天；晶状体分别在第40天、41.4天和44天。尽管未产小母牛所有结构首次观察的平均值往往比其他组更早，但在统计学上，未产小母牛和初产母牛的尿囊、胚体及其心跳的可视化明显早于经产母牛。然而，未产小母牛和初产母牛之间没有差异。
