用于金属回收的镍镉和镍氢废电池的表征与浸出
Characterization and leaching of NiCd and NiMH spent batteries for the recovery of metals.
作者信息
Pietrelli L, Bellomo B, Fontana D, Montereali M
机构信息
ENEA, CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 301, 00060 Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Waste Manag. 2005;25(2):221-6. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.12.013.
Since NiMH and NiCd batteries are still used in the electronic devices market, a treatment and recycling plant has many advantages both from the environmental and the economic points of view. Unfortunately, there is no relationship between shape, size and chemical composition of spent batteries, consequently the characterization and the leaching method of the starting material becomes an important step of the overall treatment process in choosing the best conditions for the selective separation of the metals by hydrometallurgy. Leaching at 20 degrees C with H(2)SO(4) 2M for about 2h seems to be a good solution in terms of cost and efficiency for both battery types. The hydroxide compounds can be readily leached while Ni present as metallic form requires more aggressive conditions due to kinetic constraints. In this paper, the characterization of NiMH and NiCd spent batteries and the results of leaching tests in different conditions are reported.
由于镍氢电池和镍镉电池仍在电子设备市场中使用，因此从环境和经济角度来看，一座处理与回收工厂具有诸多优势。不幸的是，废旧电池的形状、尺寸与化学成分之间并无关联，所以起始物料的表征和浸出方法成为了整个处理过程中的重要一步，这有助于选择最佳条件，通过湿法冶金对金属进行选择性分离。就成本和效率而言，在20摄氏度下用2M的硫酸浸出约2小时，似乎对这两种电池类型都是一个不错的解决方案。氢氧化物化合物能够很容易地被浸出，而以金属形式存在的镍由于动力学限制则需要更苛刻的条件。本文报道了镍氢电池和镍镉废旧电池的表征以及在不同条件下的浸出试验结果。
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