Stolbkov Yu K, Orlov I V
I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarov Bank, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
Neurosci Behav Physiol. 2005 Jan;35(1):89-96. doi: 10.1023/b:neab.0000049655.02638.e8.
Intact pigeons (n=19) were rotated in the dark in the horizontal plane in different orientations relative to the axis of rotation. In central (evoking habituation) rotations, the animal's head was located on the axis of rotation; in eccentric rotations, the animal's head was 0.6 m from the axis of rotation. Pigeons were subjected to series of alternating central and eccentric rotations; rotation directions were also alternated. Series consisted of 2-5 rotation using a trapezoidal program. Each stimulus evoking habituation was used no more than 14 times during the experiment. Eccentric rotations were found not to prevent the gradual decrease in the peak rates of the slow components of primary nystagmus occurring on the transition from one series of central rotations to another in 17 individuals (group 1); these were increased in two individuals (group 2). Group 1 showed direct relationships between changes in this measure of primary nystagmus, changes in the duration of nystagmus, and changes in the peak rates of secondary nystagmus. Modifications of nystagmus within series varied. When two identical stimuli did not follow immediately one after the other, the second stimulus induced the same changes in nystagmus as observed in the individual in the first and next series of central rotations. If two identical stimuli followed one immediately after the other, the second stimulus in the pair often induced increases in the peak rates of primary and secondary nystagmus, along with increases in the time taken to reach the peak rate of primary nystagmus. These changes were non-random at a probability of >95%.
完整的鸽子（n = 19）在黑暗中绕水平轴以相对于旋转轴的不同方向旋转。在中心（引起习惯化）旋转中，动物的头部位于旋转轴上；在偏心旋转中，动物的头部距离旋转轴0.6米。鸽子接受一系列交替的中心和偏心旋转；旋转方向也交替进行。系列由2 - 5次使用梯形程序的旋转组成。在实验过程中，每个引起习惯化的刺激使用次数不超过14次。发现偏心旋转并不能阻止17只个体（第1组）在从一系列中心旋转过渡到另一系列中心旋转时，原发性眼球震颤慢成分峰值速率的逐渐下降；在两只个体（第2组）中，这些速率增加了。第1组显示了原发性眼球震颤这一指标的变化、眼球震颤持续时间的变化以及继发性眼球震颤峰值速率的变化之间的直接关系。系列内眼球震颤的变化各不相同。当两个相同的刺激不是紧接着相继出现时，第二个刺激引起的眼球震颤变化与在第一个和下一个系列中心旋转中的个体所观察到的相同。如果两个相同的刺激紧接着相继出现，这一对中的第二个刺激通常会导致原发性和继发性眼球震颤峰值速率增加，同时达到原发性眼球震颤峰值速率所需的时间也增加。这些变化在概率>95%时是非随机的。
