Staff Anne Cathrine, Løken Elin Bjørge, Holven Kirsten, Sygnestveit Kari, Vollset Stein Emil, Smeland Sigbjørn
Kvinnesenteret, Kvinne-barn-divisjonen, Ullevål universitetssykehus, HF 0450 Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2005 Feb 17;125(4):435-7.
In order to prevent neural tube defects, a daily supplement of 400 microg (microgram) folic acid has been recommended in Norway since 1998, during the last month before conception and the first two or three months of pregnancy. Compliance with and effects of this recommendation has recently been evaluated in Norway in a report to the Directorate of Health and Social Welfare.
Reports published on periconceptional folic acid intake in Norway and some other countries from 1998 to autumn 2003 have been evaluated.
In spite of several information activities, few Norwegian women start folic acid supplementation before verified pregnancy. The supplementation is started too late for the prevention of neural tube defects. A reduction is not observed in Norway. Internationally, information has not proven effective either, whereas compulsory fortification of foods with folic acid has been associated with reduced incidence. Information about periconceptional folic acid intake should be intensified. Compulsory fortification of foods with folic acid will affect the whole population, not only the target group of fertile women. If ongoing large intervention studies show improved clinical prognosis for patients with cardiovascular disease, this will be an additional argument for fortification of foods.
为预防神经管缺陷，自1998年起挪威就建议在受孕前最后一个月以及怀孕的头两三个月期间，每日补充400微克叶酸。挪威最近在一份提交给卫生和社会福利局的报告中评估了该建议的依从性和效果。
对1998年至2003年秋季挪威及其他一些国家发表的关于受孕前叶酸摄入量的报告进行了评估。
尽管开展了多项宣传活动，但很少有挪威女性在确认怀孕前就开始补充叶酸。开始补充的时间太晚，无法预防神经管缺陷。挪威并未观察到发病率有所降低。在国际上，宣传也未被证明有效，而食品强制添加叶酸则与发病率降低有关。应加强关于受孕前叶酸摄入量的宣传。食品强制添加叶酸将影响全体人群，而不仅仅是育龄妇女这一目标群体。如果正在进行的大型干预研究显示心血管疾病患者的临床预后有所改善，这将成为食品添加叶酸的又一论据。
