Dombrowski Stefan C, Martin Roy P, Huttunen Matti O
Graduate Education, School of Psychology, Rider University, 2083 Lawrenceville Road, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA.
Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2005 Mar;73(3):170-6. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20126.
In this study, we sought to understand whether prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke would be associated with increased offspring hospitalization through age 22 years for various physical and mental health diagnoses.
We used multivariate logistic regression to investigate the relationship between gestational exposure to cigarette smoke and offspring hospitalization for physical and mental health conditions based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD; World Health Organization) diagnoses.
When controlling for parental psychiatric status, maternal somatic health, socioeconomic status, parity, and maternal age, youth born to mothers who smoked six or more cigarettes per day were more likely to have experienced hospitalization for neuroses (OR, 1.97), diseases of the nervous system (i.e., neurological disorders) (OR, 1.47), respiratory infections (OR, 1.28), accidents (OR, 1.44), infections (OR, 1.54), undiagnosed symptoms (OR, 1.65), and total admissions (OR, 1.48). Female offspring prenatally exposed were more likely to have experienced hospitalization for obstetric complications (OR, 2.94). No association was found for the remaining categories analyzed: blood disorders, skin diseases, psychoses, metabolic/endocrine disease, circulatory disease, digestive disease, disease of the skeletal/muscular system, physical anomalies, neoplasms, and genital/urinary disease.
This is the first study to investigate the impact of gestational exposure to cigarette smoke on global measures of somatic and physical health in offspring. This study adds to the literature by demonstrating that smoking during pregnancy increases offspring risk for additional health outcomes not previously recognized in the literature, and that the effect of smoking during pregnancy persists throughout the developmental period. The possibility that these findings are related to lifestyle markers or smoke exposure during childhood should also be considered.
在本研究中，我们试图了解产前接触香烟烟雾是否会与后代在22岁之前因各种身心健康诊断而住院的几率增加有关。
我们使用多变量逻辑回归，根据国际疾病分类（ICD；世界卫生组织）诊断，研究孕期接触香烟烟雾与后代身心健康状况住院之间的关系。
在控制父母精神状态、母亲躯体健康、社会经济地位、产次和母亲年龄后，母亲每天吸烟6支或更多支的青少年更有可能因神经症（比值比[OR]，1.97）、神经系统疾病（即神经障碍）（OR，1.47）、呼吸道感染（OR，1.28）、事故（OR，1.44）、感染（OR，1.54）、未确诊症状（OR，1.65）以及总住院次数（OR，1.48）而住院。产前接触香烟烟雾的女性后代更有可能因产科并发症而住院（OR，2.94）。在分析的其余类别中未发现关联：血液疾病、皮肤病、精神病、代谢/内分泌疾病、循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、骨骼/肌肉系统疾病、身体异常、肿瘤以及生殖/泌尿系统疾病。
这是第一项研究孕期接触香烟烟雾对后代躯体和身体健康总体指标影响的研究。本研究通过证明孕期吸烟会增加后代出现文献中先前未认识到的其他健康结局的风险，以及孕期吸烟的影响在整个发育阶段持续存在，从而丰富了文献内容。还应考虑这些发现与儿童期生活方式标志物或烟雾暴露相关的可能性。
