Adewusi S R, Orisadare B O, Oke O L
Department of Chemistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 1992 Apr;42(2):183-92. doi: 10.1007/BF02196471.
Protein isolates were extracted from melon, groundnut, and soybean cakes in an aqueous system that could potentially yield both oil and protein from oilseeds quantitatively. Protein isolates obtained were 91.2, 78.6 and 79.5% of the total protein content of melon, groundnut and soybean cakes respectively. Both cakes and isolates were assessed in a rat bioassay while breadfruit, cassava, and corn starch were also investigated as sources of carbohydrate. Results showed that there were no significant differences between feed intake, weight gain and PER of rats fed the cake and the protein isolates except in soybean. Weight gain, PER and NPR were highest in cassava-soybean protein isolate diet followed by cassavacasein diet (control) while performance was only moderate with melon- and groundnut-cassava diets. With melon protein isolate, cassava and breadfruit were better carbohydrate sources than corn starch. In simulated weaning diets, cassava-sucrose-melon-soybean protein isolate based diet performed better (weight gain 33.4 g, PER 1.63, NPR 2.23) than a commercial weaning food (weight gain 30.6 g PER 1.57, NPR 2.18) while replacement of sucrose and cassava at 30% by breadfruit yielded a cost effective diet with good performance (weight gain 29.4 g, PER 1.51, NPR 2.12). Diets where soybean protein served as the sole source of protein or breadfruit, white and yellow maize 'ogi' served as the main source of carbohydrate performed only moderately.
在一个水性体系中从甜瓜饼、花生饼和大豆饼中提取了分离蛋白，该体系有可能从油籽中定量地同时获得油和蛋白。所获得的分离蛋白分别占甜瓜饼、花生饼和大豆饼总蛋白含量的91.2%、78.6%和79.5%。对饼粕和分离蛋白都进行了大鼠生物测定，同时还研究了面包果、木薯和玉米淀粉作为碳水化合物来源的情况。结果表明，除了大豆外，喂食饼粕和分离蛋白的大鼠在采食量、体重增加和蛋白质效率比方面没有显著差异。木薯-大豆分离蛋白日粮组大鼠的体重增加、蛋白质效率比和净蛋白质利用率最高，其次是木薯-酪蛋白日粮组（对照组），而甜瓜-花生-木薯日粮组大鼠的生长性能仅为中等水平。对于甜瓜分离蛋白，木薯和面包果是比玉米淀粉更好的碳水化合物来源。在模拟断奶日粮中，基于木薯-蔗糖-甜瓜-大豆分离蛋白的日粮表现更好（体重增加33.4克，蛋白质效率比1.63，净蛋白质利用率2.23），优于一种商业断奶食品（体重增加30.6克，蛋白质效率比1.57，净蛋白质利用率2.18），而用面包果替代30%的蔗糖和木薯可得到一种成本效益高且性能良好的日粮（体重增加29.4克，蛋白质效率比1.51，净蛋白质利用率2.12）。以大豆蛋白作为唯一蛋白质来源或面包果、白玉米和黄玉米“ogi”作为主要碳水化合物来源的日粮生长性能仅为中等水平。
