McNeely Marguerite J, Boyko Edward J
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
J Diabetes Complications. 2005 Mar-Apr;19(2):101-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2004.08.003.
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of diabetes-related comorbidities in Asian Americans to the prevalence in other racial and ethnic groups in the United States using data from the 2001 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS).
The BRFSS is a population-based telephone survey of the health status and health behaviors of 212,510 Americans aged > or = 18 years in all 50 states, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. In 2001, participants included 196 Asian Americans, 1138 African Americans, 1276 Hispanics, 294 Native Americans, 71 Pacific Islanders, and 7799 non-Hispanic Whites with a self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes. Comorbidity was determined by self-report. Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index (BMI) or height and weight, duration of diabetes, smoking, and health-insurance status.
The adjusted prevalences of hypercholesterolemia and retinopathy were similar across groups. Relative to Asian Americans, only African Americans were more likely to report hypertension [adjusted OR=2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.0-4.2, P<.05]. Higher odds of current or past foot ulceration was observed for Hispanics (adjusted OR=2.8, 95% CI=1.2-6.9), Native Americans (adjusted OR=4.2, 95% CI=1.4-12.8), and Pacific Islanders (adjusted OR=7.4, 95% CI=1.3-41.2) compared with Asian Americans.
Among Americans with diabetes, Asian Americans have a prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, retinopathy, and foot ulceration that is similar to that in Whites. Asian Americans had a significantly lower prevalence of hypertension than African Americans did and a lower prevalence of foot ulceration than Hispanics, Native Americans, and Pacific Islanders did.
本研究旨在利用2001年行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据，比较亚裔美国人与美国其他种族和族裔群体中糖尿病相关合并症的患病率。
BRFSS是一项基于人群的电话调查，对象为美国50个州、关岛、波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛的212,510名年龄≥18岁的美国人的健康状况和健康行为。2001年，参与者包括196名亚裔美国人、1138名非裔美国人、1276名西班牙裔、294名美国原住民、71名太平洋岛民以及7799名自我报告经医生诊断患有糖尿病的非西班牙裔白人。合并症通过自我报告确定。对年龄、性别、体重指数（BMI）或身高与体重、糖尿病病程、吸烟情况和医疗保险状况进行了比值比（OR）调整。
各群体中高胆固醇血症和视网膜病变的调整患病率相似。与亚裔美国人相比，只有非裔美国人更有可能报告患有高血压[调整后的OR = 2.1，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.0 - 4.2，P <.05]。与亚裔美国人相比，西班牙裔（调整后的OR = 2.8，95% CI = 1.2 - 6.9）、美国原住民（调整后的OR = 4.2，95% CI = 1.4 - 12.8）和太平洋岛民（调整后的OR = 7.4，95% CI = 1.3 - 41.2）目前或既往足部溃疡的几率更高。
在患有糖尿病的美国人中，亚裔美国人的高血压、高胆固醇血症、视网膜病变和足部溃疡患病率与白人相似。亚裔美国人的高血压患病率明显低于非裔美国人，足部溃疡患病率低于西班牙裔、美国原住民和太平洋岛民。
