Abboud Marcus, Koeck Bernd, Stark Helmut, Wahl Gerhard, Paillon Roswitha
Department of Oral Surgery, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University, Welschnonnen- str. 17, 53111 Bonn, Germany.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005 Jan-Feb;20(1):61-8.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical response and safety of immediately loaded single-tooth implants placed in the posterior region of the maxilla and mandible.
Single-tooth implants were placed in healed extraction sites in 20 adult patients. Temporary pre-fabricated acrylic resin crowns were prepared and adjusted. The crown occlusion was adjusted to obtain minimal contacts in maximum intercuspation. After 6 weeks a ceramometal or all-ceramic crown was cemented. Radiographic and clinical examinations were made at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months. Cortical bone response and peri-implant mucosal responses were evaluated.
The marginal bone level at the time of implant placement was preserved. The mean change in marginal bone level was 0.01 mm at 12 months. The mean Periotest value after 360 days was -4. The peri-implant mucosal adaptation to the anatomic form of the provisional crown resulted in a natural esthetic outcome, and a gain in papilla length was observed. One implant failure was recorded because of provisional luting cement impaction.
Clinical research has shown that immediate loading is a possible treatment modality. The immediate functional loading of implants placed in this study resulted in bone adaptation to loading. A satisfactory success rate with positive tissue responses was achieved.
The results of this limited investigation indicated that immediate loading of unsplinted single-tooth implants in the posterior region may be a viable treatment option with an esthetic outcome.
本研究旨在评估即刻负重的单颗种植体植入上颌和下颌后部区域的临床反应及安全性。
在20例成年患者已愈合的拔牙位点植入单颗种植体。制备并调整临时预制丙烯酸树脂冠。调整冠的咬合，使其在最大牙尖交错位时接触最小。6周后粘结金属烤瓷或全瓷冠。在基线以及3、6和12个月时进行影像学和临床检查。评估皮质骨反应和种植体周围黏膜反应。
种植体植入时的边缘骨水平得以保留。12个月时边缘骨水平的平均变化为0.01毫米。360天后的平均牙周探测值为-4。种植体周围黏膜适应临时冠的解剖形态，获得了自然的美学效果，且观察到龈乳头长度增加。记录到1例种植失败，原因是临时粘结水门汀嵌塞。
临床研究表明即刻负重是一种可行的治疗方式。本研究中植入的种植体即刻功能负重导致骨对负重产生适应性改变。取得了令人满意的成功率及积极的组织反应。
这项有限研究的结果表明，在上颌和下颌后部区域即刻负重非联冠单颗种植体可能是一种具有美学效果的可行治疗选择。
