Ceylan Haluk, Yüncü Mehmet, Armutçu Ferah, Gürel Ahmet, Bağci Cahit, Demiryürek A Tuncay
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Urol Int. 2005;74(2):166-72. doi: 10.1159/000083289.
INTRODUCTION: Brief episodes of ischemia followed by periods of reperfusion generate a powerful protective mechanism in cell, tissue or organ, which increase the resistance to further ischemic damage. This is known as ischemic preconditioning, and has not been investigated in testis. The present experiments were undertaken to determine whether early phase of ischemic preconditioning is evident in rat testis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgery was conducted under thiopental (60 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) anesthesia in male Wistar rats. Surgical procedures were performed through a midline incision. Group 1 was designed as a sham group. In group 2, which served as the ischemia group, the animals were subjected to unilateral testicular torsion by rotating the left testis 720 degrees in a clockwise direction. Then, this testis was maintained in the torsion position by fixing with a silk suture to the scrotal wall for 90 min. In groups 3 and 4, 5 or 10 min ischemia followed by 10 min reperfusion was introduced, respectively, to induce single cycle ischemic preconditioning. In group 5, which served as the multiple cycle preconditioning group, 3 cycles of 10 min ischemia and 10 min reperfusion were applied prior to 90 min ischemia. Both ipsilateral and contralateral testes were removed from the rats at the end of the experimental periods, and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) levels, xanthine oxidase (XO), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured. Both testes were also evaluated histologically, assessing interstitial edema, congestion, hemorrhages, rupture of tubules and Leydig cell proliferation. RESULTS: 90 min ischemia produced a marked increase in MDA level in left testis. However, all ischemic preconditioning protocols used in this study did not show any significant modification in MDA, NO levels or XO, MPO and SOD activities. Histological grading scale was also similar in ischemia and preconditioning groups. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that there are no protective effects with ischemic preconditioning in rat testis as showed by biochemical analysis and histological examinations.
引言：短暂的缺血期后紧接着再灌注期，会在细胞、组织或器官中产生一种强大的保护机制，增强对进一步缺血损伤的抵抗力。这被称为缺血预处理，尚未在睾丸中进行研究。本实验旨在确定缺血预处理的早期阶段在大鼠睾丸中是否明显。 材料与方法：在雄性Wistar大鼠中，于硫喷妥钠（60mg/kg，腹腔注射）麻醉下进行手术。通过中线切口进行手术操作。第1组设计为假手术组。在作为缺血组的第2组中，动物通过将左侧睾丸顺时针旋转720度进行单侧睾丸扭转。然后，用丝线将该睾丸固定于阴囊壁，保持扭转位置90分钟。在第3组和第4组中，分别引入5或10分钟的缺血后再灌注10分钟，以诱导单周期缺血预处理。在作为多周期预处理组的第5组中，在90分钟缺血前应用3个周期的10分钟缺血和10分钟再灌注。实验期结束时，从大鼠体内取出同侧和对侧睾丸，测量组织丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮（NO）水平、黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。对双侧睾丸也进行组织学评估，评估间质水肿、充血、出血、小管破裂和Leydig细胞增殖情况。 结果：90分钟缺血使左侧睾丸MDA水平显著升高。然而，本研究中使用的所有缺血预处理方案在MDA、NO水平或XO、MPO和SOD活性方面均未显示出任何显著变化。缺血组和预处理组的组织学分级量表也相似。 结论：这些结果表明，生化分析和组织学检查显示，缺血预处理对大鼠睾丸没有保护作用。
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