White Jeffrey C, Liburd Oscar E
Department of Entomology and Nematology, Natural Area Drive, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2005 Feb;98(1):154-8. doi: 10.1093/jee/98.1.154.
The effects of soil moisture and temperature on the reproduction of twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), were examined in laboratory and field tests in strawberries, Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne, in Florida. Different soil moisture levels (low, moderate, and high) were compared to determine how soil moisture affects the reproduction and development of twospotted spider mite. In addition to soil moisture, different irrigation techniques (drip versus drip/overhead) were compared to determine their effects on twospotted spider mite reproduction as well as the incidence of angular leaf spot, Xanthomonas fragaria Kennedy & King disease. Similar studies were conducted to determine how different temperatures (18, 27, and 35 degrees C) affect the reproduction and development of twospotted spider mites. In the laboratory, low soil moisture as well as temperatures >27 degrees C promoted twospotted spider mite development. A similar trend was observed in a field study with low soil moisture promoting twospotted spider mite reproduction during the early season (11 November--8 December). Irrespective of moisture levels, a significantly higher incidence of X. fragaria was recorded in treatments with drip/overhead irrigation systems compared with drip irrigation. Implications for management of soil moisture levels are discussed with respect to the abundance of twospotted spider mite and X. fragaria in strawberries.
在佛罗里达州草莓（凤梨草莓，Fragaria x ananassa Duchesne）上，通过实验室和田间试验研究了土壤湿度和温度对二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae Koch，蜱螨亚纲：叶螨科）繁殖的影响。比较了不同土壤湿度水平（低、中、高），以确定土壤湿度如何影响二斑叶螨的繁殖和发育。除了土壤湿度，还比较了不同的灌溉技术（滴灌与滴灌/顶喷灌溉），以确定它们对二斑叶螨繁殖以及角斑病（草莓黄单胞菌，Xanthomonas fragaria Kennedy & King）发病率的影响。进行了类似的研究，以确定不同温度（18、27和35摄氏度）如何影响二斑叶螨的繁殖和发育。在实验室中，低土壤湿度以及高于27摄氏度的温度促进了二斑叶螨的发育。在田间研究中也观察到了类似的趋势，低土壤湿度在季节早期（11月11日至12月8日）促进了二斑叶螨的繁殖。无论湿度水平如何，与滴灌相比，采用滴灌/顶喷灌溉系统的处理中草莓黄单胞菌的发病率显著更高。本文讨论了土壤湿度水平管理对草莓中二斑叶螨和草莓黄单胞菌数量的影响。
