von Giesen Hans-Jürgen, Jander Sebastian, Köller Hubertus, Arendt Gabriele
Department of Neurology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
J Neurovirol. 2004 Dec;10(6):383-6. doi: 10.1080/13550280490523706.
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine released by macrophages that strongly stimulates the production of interferon-gamma, thereby linking innate and acquired immunity. Its role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pathogenesis is under debate and little is known about its role in neuro-AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of IL-18 were determined by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 22 HIV-seropositive patients without neurological symptoms (HIV+), 21 patients with AIDS dementia complex (ADC), and 31 patients with AIDS-defining opportunistic infections (OIs) of the brain. Thirty-two HIV seronegative patients (HIV-) served as controls. Compared to HIV- controls, serum IL-18 levels were increased in HIV+ and ADC but not in OI patients. In contrast, CSF IL-18 levels were elevated in OI patients whereas HIV+ and ADC patients were not different from HIV- controls. We provide evidence for an significantly increased IL-18 level in the CSF of HIV+ patients with cerebral OIs, suggestive of a role for IL-18 in the intrathecal host response to OIs.
白细胞介素-18（IL-18）是一种由巨噬细胞释放的促炎细胞因子，它能强烈刺激γ干扰素的产生，从而将先天免疫和获得性免疫联系起来。其在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）发病机制中的作用仍存在争议，而关于其在神经艾滋病（获得性免疫缺陷综合征）中的作用知之甚少。采用市售的酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法，测定了22例无神经症状的HIV血清阳性患者（HIV+）、21例艾滋病痴呆综合征（ADC）患者和31例患有艾滋病定义性脑部机会性感染（OIs）患者的血清和脑脊液（CSF）中IL-18的水平。32例HIV血清阴性患者（HIV-）作为对照。与HIV-对照相比，HIV+和ADC患者的血清IL-18水平升高，而OI患者则未升高。相反，OI患者的脑脊液IL-18水平升高，而HIV+和ADC患者与HIV-对照无差异。我们提供的证据表明，患有脑部OI的HIV+患者脑脊液中IL-18水平显著升高，提示IL-18在鞘内宿主对OI的反应中发挥作用。
