Jahn I
Bremer Institut für Präventionsforschung und Sozialmedizin, Bremen.
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2005 Mar;48(3):287-95. doi: 10.1007/s00103-004-0993-2.
Researchers who apply for project funding at the European level or at German Federal Ministries must take into account the gender aspects of their proposals as well as in the realization of these projects (gender mainstreaming) more and more often. The promotion of gender equality in research and science is becoming a "mainstream" task as well as a sign of the quality of the project. In practice, however, the process of carrying out gender sensitive research must still gain momentum. This article focuses on central questions and problems: Which are the gender aspects of a certain subject? In what way do we have to design studies and research methods to be able to apprehend and discover gender aspects properly? Which strategies of evaluation are adequate? What is the best way to analyze, interpret, and communicate data? The basics will be clarified (e. g. terms like sex/gender, doing gender, the role of the "gender" category in the context of social differentiation, causes and forms of gender bias). In addition, methodological/methodical hints and instruments to avoid distortion due to the inadequate consideration of gender category in the course of research will be introduced (diagnostic brief-questionnaire according to Eichler, gender-matrix, five challenges according to Doyal, gender adequate speech and publication).
在欧洲层面或德国联邦部委申请项目资金的研究人员，越来越经常地必须在其提案以及项目实施过程中考虑性别因素（性别主流化）。促进研究与科学界的性别平等正成为一项“主流”任务，也是项目质量的一个标志。然而在实践中，开展对性别问题有敏感认识的研究进程仍需加快推进。本文聚焦核心问题：特定主题的性别因素有哪些？我们必须以何种方式设计研究和研究方法，以便能够恰当地理解和发现性别因素？哪些评估策略是合适的？分析、解读和传达数据的最佳方式是什么？将阐明一些基础内容（例如诸如“生理性别/社会性别”“性别塑造”“‘性别’类别在社会分化背景下的作用”“性别偏见的成因和形式”等术语）。此外，还将介绍一些方法性提示和工具，以避免在研究过程中因对性别类别考虑不足而导致的偏差（艾希勒诊断简表问卷、性别矩阵、多亚尔提出的五个挑战、符合性别要求的表述与发表）。
