Bjørnebekk Astrid, Mathé Aleksander A, Brené Stefan
Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2005 Sep;8(3):357-68. doi: 10.1017/S1461145705005122. Epub 2005 Mar 15.
A common trait of antidepressant drugs, electroconvulsive treatment and physical exercise is that they relieve depression and up-regulate neurotrophic factors as well as cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In order to identify possible biological underpinnings of depression and the antidepressant effect of running, we analysed cell proliferation, the level of the neurotrophic factor BDNF in hippocampus and dynorphin in striatum/accumbens in 'depressed' Flinders Sensitive Line rats (FSL) and Flinders Resistant Line (FRL) rats with and without access to running-wheels. The FRL strain exhibited a higher daily running activity than the FSL strain. Wheel-running had an antidepressant effect in the 'depressed' FSL rats, as indicated by the forced swim test. In the hippocampus, cell proliferation was lower in the 'depressed' rats compared to the control FRL rats but there was no difference in BDNF or dynorphin levels in striatum/accumbens. After 5 wk of running, cell proliferation increased in FSL but not in FRL rats. BDNF and dynorphin mRNA levels were increased in FRL but not to the same extent in the in FSL rats; thus, increased BDNF and dynorphin levels were correlated to the running activity but not to the antidepressant effect of running. The only parameter that was associated to basal level of 'depression' and to the antidepressant effect was cell proliferation in the hippocampus. Thus, suppression of cell proliferation in the hippocampus could constitute one of the mechanisms that underlie depression, and physical activity might be an efficient antidepressant.
抗抑郁药物、电休克疗法和体育锻炼的一个共同特点是，它们能够缓解抑郁，并上调神经营养因子，以及促进海马体中的细胞增殖和神经发生。为了确定抑郁症可能的生物学基础以及跑步的抗抑郁作用，我们分析了“抑郁”的弗林德斯敏感系大鼠（FSL）和弗林德斯抗性系（FRL）大鼠在有或没有跑步机的情况下海马体中的细胞增殖、神经营养因子脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）水平以及纹状体/伏隔核中的强啡肽水平。FRL品系的每日跑步活动量高于FSL品系。如强迫游泳试验所示，跑步对“抑郁”的FSL大鼠具有抗抑郁作用。在海马体中，“抑郁”大鼠的细胞增殖低于对照FRL大鼠，但纹状体/伏隔核中的BDNF或强啡肽水平没有差异。跑步5周后，FSL大鼠的细胞增殖增加，而FRL大鼠没有。FRL大鼠中BDNF和强啡肽mRNA水平增加，但FSL大鼠中增加的程度不同；因此，BDNF和强啡肽水平的增加与跑步活动相关，而与跑步的抗抑郁作用无关。唯一与“抑郁”的基础水平和抗抑郁作用相关的参数是海马体中的细胞增殖。因此，海马体中细胞增殖的抑制可能构成抑郁症的潜在机制之一，而体育活动可能是一种有效的抗抑郁方法。
