伊朗眼科医生自我报告的职业投诉频率与类别：一项初步调查。
Frequency and assortment of self-report occupational complaints among Iranian ophthalmologists: a preliminary survey.
作者信息
Chams Hormoz, Mohammadi Seyed Farzad, Moayyeri Alireza
机构信息
Iranian Society of Ophthalmology, Tehran, Iran.
出版信息
MedGenMed. 2004 Dec 13;6(4):1.
BACKGROUND
Ophthalmology is unique in that its practitioners are exposed to a host of ergonomic (eg, indirect ophthalmoscopy), ergo-ophthalmologic (laser), infectious (adenovirus), and allergic (topical anesthetics) hazards. The purpose of this study is to provide a preliminary occupational health profile of Iranian ophthalmologists.
METHODS
A comprehensive list of occupation-related entities was incorporated into a questionnaire, which was distributed among 350 ophthalmologist participants of the Annual Iranian Congress of Ophthalmology (November 2000, Tehran) and was mailed twice to the 1050 nation's registered ophthalmologists. Independent Samples t and chi-square tests were used to assess the relationships.
RESULTS
One hundred sixty-two questionnaires were returned. The mean career time was 15.7 (range, 1-40) years. Twenty (12.3%) of the participants were women. The reported prevalences were as follows: history of infectious conjunctivitis, 49.4%; contact dermatitis, 43.2%; back pain, 80%; chronic headache, 54.9%; and laser or operating microscope-related visual disturbances, 15%. Psychological indispositions were reported by two thirds. Age and career time were inversely related to contact dermatitis, chronic headache, and stress-related problems (P < .05). Visual complaints were more prevalent in vitreoretina surgeons (P < .004). Psychosocial disorders were significantly more reported by women (P = .026; odds ratio = 4.4). Only 3% of participants reported to have none of the listed problems.
CONCLUSION
Our preliminary survey disclosed a high prevalence of diverse complaints from back and neck pain, contact dermatitis, visual disturbances, and infectious conjunctivitis to stress-related and psychosocial disorders among the participants. Younger age, being a woman, and vitreoretina practice were the complaints correlates. Due to the low response rate, uncertainty over the representativeness and coverage of the sample, and lack of control groups, the findings have to be interpreted conservatively.
背景
眼科具有独特性，因为其从业者会面临一系列人体工程学（如间接检眼镜检查）、眼人体工程学（激光）、感染性（腺病毒）和过敏性（局部麻醉剂）危害。本研究的目的是提供伊朗眼科医生的初步职业健康概况。
方法
一份与职业相关实体的综合清单被纳入一份问卷，该问卷分发给了伊朗眼科年会（2000年11月，德黑兰）的350名眼科医生参与者，并两次邮寄给该国1050名注册眼科医生。采用独立样本t检验和卡方检验来评估相关性。
结果
共收回162份问卷。平均职业生涯时长为15.7（范围1 - 40）年。20名（12.3%）参与者为女性。报告的患病率如下：感染性结膜炎病史，49.4%；接触性皮炎，43.2%；背痛，80%；慢性头痛，54.9%；以及与激光或手术显微镜相关的视觉障碍，15%。三分之二的人报告有心理问题。年龄和职业生涯时长与接触性皮炎、慢性头痛及压力相关问题呈负相关（P < 0.05）。玻璃体视网膜外科医生中视觉问题更普遍（P < 0.004）。女性报告的心理社会障碍显著更多（P = 0.026；优势比 = 4.4）。只有3%的参与者报告没有所列问题。
结论
我们的初步调查显示，参与者中从背部和颈部疼痛、接触性皮炎、视觉障碍、感染性结膜炎到压力相关和心理社会障碍等各种问题的患病率很高。年龄较小、女性身份以及玻璃体视网膜手术与这些问题相关。由于回复率低、样本代表性和覆盖范围存在不确定性以及缺乏对照组，这些发现必须谨慎解读。
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