Cerel Julie, Roberts Timothy A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2005 Apr;36(4):352.e9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.08.010.
The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and sociodemographic characteristics of adolescents exposed to suicide attempts and suicide deaths by a family member and to evaluate the separate associations between exposure to a family member's suicide attempts or suicide death and risk behaviors, social-emotional functioning, and family connectedness.
We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data collected in 1995 for wave I of the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (n = 5,918). The independent variable was the exposure to suicidal behavior by a family member during the past 12 months (death by suicide, suicide attempt, and no suicidal behavior). The dependent variables were substance use, suicidal behavior, violent behavior, perceived shortened life expectancy, emotional distress, and parental and adolescent reports of family connectedness.
In the year before the survey, 3.9% of adolescents experienced a family member's suicide attempt whereas 1.2% experienced a family member's death by suicide. In regression analyses adjusting for sociodemographic variables, adolescents who had experienced the suicide attempt of a family member were more likely than those with no exposure to report the following: cigarette and marijuana use, alcohol misuse, suicidal ideation and attempts, fighting and inflicting injuries, decreased life-expectancy, emotional distress, and decreased adolescent reports of parent-child and family connectedness. Adolescents who had experienced a family member's death by suicide were more likely to report marijuana use and alcohol misuse, suicidal ideation and attempts, inflicting severe injuries, and emotional distress.
Adolescents who have experienced suicide attempts or suicide deaths in the family show high levels of at-risk behaviors, most notably their own suicidal ideation and attempts.
本研究旨在调查家庭成员有自杀未遂和自杀死亡经历的青少年的患病率及社会人口学特征，并评估接触家庭成员自杀未遂或自杀死亡与风险行为、社会情感功能及家庭亲密度之间的独立关联。
我们对1995年全国青少年健康纵向调查第一轮收集的数据（n = 5918）进行了横断面分析。自变量是过去12个月内接触家庭成员的自杀行为情况（自杀死亡、自杀未遂以及无自杀行为）。因变量包括物质使用、自杀行为、暴力行为、预期寿命缩短感、情绪困扰以及父母和青少年报告的家庭亲密度。
在调查前一年，3.9%的青少年经历过家庭成员自杀未遂，而1.2%的青少年经历过家庭成员自杀死亡。在对社会人口学变量进行调整的回归分析中，经历过家庭成员自杀未遂的青少年比未接触者更有可能报告以下情况：吸烟和使用大麻、酒精滥用、自杀意念和自杀未遂、打架和伤人、预期寿命降低、情绪困扰以及青少年报告的亲子和家庭亲密度降低。经历过家庭成员自杀死亡的青少年更有可能报告使用大麻和酒精滥用、自杀意念和自杀未遂、造成重伤以及情绪困扰。
经历过家庭中自杀未遂或自杀死亡的青少年表现出高水平的风险行为，最显著的是他们自己的自杀意念和自杀未遂。
