慢速垒球中击球速度与投手可用反应时间的对照研究
A controlled study on batted ball speed and available pitcher reaction time in slowpitch softball.
作者信息
McDowell M, Ciocco M V
机构信息
Bomani Sports Research, Inc, Cleveland, OH 44181, USA.
出版信息
Br J Sports Med. 2005 Apr;39(4):223-5. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2004.012724.
OBJECTIVES
To investigate safety risks in slowpitch softball by conducting laboratory and experimental studies on the performance of high tech softball bats with polyurethane softballs. To compare the results with the recommended safety standards.
METHODS
ASTM standard compression testing of seven softball models was conducted. Using these seven softball models, bat/ball impact testing was performed using seven adult male softball players and six high tech softball bat models to determine mean batted ball speeds. Over 500 bat/ball impact measurements were recorded and analysed. Available pitcher reaction time was calculated from the mean batted ball speed measurements.
RESULTS
According to the United States Specialty Sports Association and the Amateur Softball Association, the maximum initial batted ball speed should be 137.2 km/h, which corresponds to a minimum pitcher reaction time of 0.420 second. These experiments produced mean batted ball speeds of 134.0-159.7 km/h, which correspond to available pitcher reaction times of 0.409-0.361 second.
CONCLUSION
The use of high tech softball bats with polyurethane softballs can result in batted ball speeds that exceed the recommended safety limits, which correspond to decreased available pitcher reaction times.
目的
通过对高科技垒球棒与聚氨酯垒球性能进行实验室和实验研究，调查慢速垒球运动中的安全风险。并将结果与推荐的安全标准进行比较。
方法
对七种垒球模型进行了美国材料与试验协会标准压缩测试。使用这七种垒球模型，让七名成年男性垒球运动员和六种高科技垒球棒模型进行击球测试，以确定平均击球速度。记录并分析了超过500次击球测试的数据。根据平均击球速度测量值计算出投手的可用反应时间。
结果
根据美国专业体育协会和美国业余垒球协会的规定，击球的最大初始速度应为137.2公里/小时，这对应着投手的最小反应时间为0.420秒。这些实验得出的平均击球速度为134.0 - 159.7公里/小时，对应的投手可用反应时间为0.409 - 0.361秒。
结论
使用高科技垒球棒和聚氨酯垒球可能会导致击球速度超过推荐的安全限制，这意味着投手的可用反应时间会减少。
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