Stevinson Clare, Lawlor Debbie A, Fox Kenneth R
Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Centre for Sport, Exercise and Health, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TP, UK.
Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Dec;15(10):1035-56. doi: 10.1007/s10552-004-1325-4.
To systematically review controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise interventions in cancer patients.
Studies were located through searching seven electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CancerLit, PsycInfo, Cinahl, SportDiscus), scanning reference lists of relevant articles, contacting experts (n = 20), and checking the contents lists of journals available through ZETOC (Electronic Table of Contents). To be included, trials had to be prospective, controlled, involve participants diagnosed with cancer and test an exercise intervention. Types of outcome were not restricted. Two reviewers independently applied the selection criteria.
Thirty-three controlled trials (including 25 randomized trials) were included in the review. There was some evidence that physical function was increased among those who exercised. Furthermore, symptoms of fatigue did not appear to be increased and there were few adverse effects reported. There was insufficient evidence to determine effects on other outcomes, such as quality of life, with results hampered by the heterogeneity between studies as well as poor methodological quality. Data were also lacking on the long term effects of exercise relating to cancer recurrence or survival.
There is preliminary evidence that exercise interventions for cancer patients can lead to moderate increases in physical function and are not associated with increased symptoms of fatigue. However, it is impossible from current evidence to determine whether exercise has long term beneficial effects on survival or quality of life.
系统评价有关运动干预对癌症患者影响的对照试验。
通过检索七个电子数据库（医学索引数据库、荷兰医学文摘数据库、考克兰图书馆、癌症文献数据库、心理学文摘数据库、护理学与健康领域数据库、体育与运动医学文摘数据库）、浏览相关文章的参考文献列表、联系专家（n = 20）以及查阅通过ZETOC（电子目录）获取的期刊目录来查找研究。纳入的试验必须是前瞻性、对照性的，纳入被诊断为癌症的参与者并测试运动干预。结局类型不限。两名评价者独立应用选择标准。
该评价纳入了33项对照试验（包括25项随机试验）。有一些证据表明运动的人身体功能有所增强。此外，疲劳症状似乎没有增加，且报告的不良反应很少。没有足够的证据来确定对其他结局的影响，如生活质量，研究之间的异质性以及较差的方法学质量阻碍了结果的得出。关于运动对癌症复发或生存的长期影响的数据也很缺乏。
有初步证据表明，针对癌症患者的运动干预可导致身体功能适度增强，且与疲劳症状增加无关。然而，根据目前的证据无法确定运动对生存或生活质量是否有长期有益影响。
