Kurtzman Daniel, Nativ Ronit, Adar Eilon M
The Seagram Center for Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Quality Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Ground Water. 2005 Mar-Apr;43(2):250-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0010.x.
Fracture trends (defined as kilometer-scale linear features interpolated between field observations of fractures along their strikes) often have a dominant orientation. Finding a correlation between this orientation and hydraulic data could shed light on their hydraulic influence. A significant correlation between head residuals from first-order regional drift and the orientation of 2- to 4-km-long fracture trends was found in a study site in the Negev, Israel, using the semivariogram cloud analysis. Correlation of head residuals rather than the head itself implies that the orientation of the fracture trends controls the anisotropy and heterogeneity at this scale, mainly because the fracture trends define the orientation of blocks, which differ in their hydraulic properties. Preferential transmissive pathways are probably shorter than the full extent of the fracture trends, causing a relatively high head difference along the trends on the 2- to 4-km scale. Fracture trend density and additional data from short-range hydraulic tests helped characterize two blocks separated by a fault zone. The identification of hydraulic features on a kilometer scale is necessary for better modeling of regional ground water flow and transport. Hydraulic tests at this scale are not feasible, thereby rendering combined analyses of head and structural data, such as the one presented here, essential.
断裂趋势（定义为沿其走向在断裂野外观测点之间插值得到的千米尺度线性特征）通常具有一个主导方向。找出该方向与水力数据之间的相关性，有助于了解它们对水力的影响。在以色列内盖夫的一个研究地点，利用半变异函数云分析发现，一阶区域漂移产生的水头残差与2至4千米长的断裂趋势方向之间存在显著相关性。研究水头残差而非水头本身的相关性，意味着断裂趋势方向在该尺度上控制着各向异性和非均质性，主要原因是断裂趋势确定了具有不同水力性质的岩块的方向。优先透水通道可能比断裂趋势的全长要短，这导致在2至4千米尺度上沿趋势方向存在相对较大的水头差。断裂趋势密度以及来自短程水力试验的其他数据，有助于刻画由一个断层带分隔的两个岩块。识别千米尺度上的水力特征对于更好地模拟区域地下水流和输运至关重要。在此尺度上进行水力试验不可行，因此像本文所展示的那样，对水头和结构数据进行联合分析必不可少。
