North Adrian C, Bland Victoria, Ellis Nicky
School of Psychology, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Br J Psychol. 2005 Feb;96(Pt 1):39-52. doi: 10.1348/000712604X15473.
Although numerous studies have concerned both 'greatness' and 'celebrity worship,' little previous research has overtly investigated the psychological bases for distinguishing 'heroes' from 'celebrities'. Study 1 indicated that, in response to 13 attitudinal measures, participants' responses to heroes could be summarized in terms of emotional attachment, drive for affiliation, and ordinariness, whereas the corresponding factors for celebrities were drive for affiliation, disdain, and ordinariness. Study 2 investigated how certain individuals might come to be perceived as producing 'great' outputs. Using a vignette, manipulations of 'dead versus alive,' and 'good conduct versus bad conduct' mediated perceptions of the emotional significance of a pop song. The results are used to generate some tentative theoretical explanations for the differences between heroism and celebrity.
尽管众多研究都涉及“伟大”和“名人崇拜”，但此前很少有研究公开探究区分“英雄”与“名人”的心理基础。研究1表明，在对13项态度测量的回应中，参与者对英雄的回应可以从情感依恋、归属需求和平凡性等方面进行总结，而名人的相应因素则是归属需求、轻蔑和平凡性。研究2调查了某些个体如何可能被视为产生“伟大”成果。通过一个小故事、对“已故与在世”以及“良好行为与不良行为”的操控，调节了对一首流行歌曲情感意义的认知。研究结果被用于对英雄主义和名人之间的差异提出一些初步的理论解释。
