Burritt E A, Provenza F D
Department of Range Science, Utah State University, Logan 84322.
J Anim Sci. 1992 Apr;70(4):1133-6. doi: 10.2527/1992.7041133x.
We studied lambs' preferences for nonnutritive flavors that were paired with a glucose solution. On the 1st d of the experiment, lambs were offered a saccharin solution flavored with either orange or grape. The following day lambs received a glucose solution containing either orange or grape flavor. Lambs that had received grape and saccharin on d 1 received orange and glucose on d 2, and the reverse was true for the remaining lambs. Conditioning lasted 10 d; odd days were like the first and even days like the second. After conditioning, when lambs were offered a choice between orange- or grape-flavored water without sweeteners, lambs chose the flavor that had been paired with glucose. We also tested the initial hedonic response of naive lambs to the flavor of glucose and saccharin solutions. Lambs exhibited no initial preference. Our results indicate that lambs preferred the flavor that was paired with glucose (calories). Furthermore, results of this study suggest that ruminants may not innately recognize specific chemical constituents in foods or select diets based on initial hedonic value. Rather, learning plays a key role in the formation of dietary preference.
我们研究了羔羊对与葡萄糖溶液配对的非营养性口味的偏好。在实验的第1天，给羔羊提供用橙子或葡萄调味的糖精溶液。第二天，羔羊接受含有橙子或葡萄味的葡萄糖溶液。在第1天接受葡萄和糖精的羔羊在第2天接受橙子和葡萄糖，其余羔羊则相反。条件作用持续10天；奇数天与第一天相似，偶数天与第二天相似。条件作用后，当给羔羊提供不含甜味剂的橙子味或葡萄味水的选择时，羔羊选择了与葡萄糖配对的口味。我们还测试了新生羔羊对葡萄糖和糖精溶液口味的初始享乐反应。羔羊最初没有表现出偏好。我们的结果表明，羔羊更喜欢与葡萄糖（卡路里）配对的口味。此外，这项研究的结果表明，反刍动物可能不会天生识别食物中的特定化学成分，也不会根据初始享乐价值选择饮食。相反，学习在饮食偏好的形成中起关键作用。
