Grüsser Sabine M, Wölfling Klaus, Mörsen Chantal P, Albrecht Ulrike, Heinz Andreas
Institute for Medical Psychology, Center for Humanities and Health Sciences, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Tucholskystrasse 2, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
J Stud Alcohol. 2005 Jan;66(1):98-104. doi: 10.15288/jsa.2005.66.98.
Drug-dependent patients show increased negative mood states such as anxiety and depression that interact with drug craving and quality of life. In this study, we compared immigrants with and without drug dependence and assessed whether drug dependence and social status after immigration contributed independently to negative mood states, stress-coping strategies and satisfaction with life in Germany.
Immigrants (N = 80) who had emigrated from the former Soviet Union to Germany were participants in the study. Drug-dependent immigrants (24 men, 16 women, mean [SD] age 33 [9] years) were compared with healthy immigrants (26 men, 14 women, mean age 35 [12] years) on current emotional status, trait-anxiety, depression, stress-coping strategies, drug craving and immigration-associated data.
Compared with healthy immigrants, drug-dependent immigrants showed significantly higher levels of anxiety, depression and negative stress-coping strategies, independent of differences in education or employment status. Satisfaction with being in Germany was associated with both drug dependence and employment status. The severity of drug craving was significantly associated with negative mood states but not with any other measured sociodemographic variable.
This study shows that drug dependence is associated with increased negative mood states and poor stress-coping strategies, independent of the assessed sociodemographic variables. Drug dependence may thus severely interfere with acculturation in the host country. Because immigrants often face reduced treatment options as a result of cultural and language barriers, our findings underline the importance of adequate drug treatment facilities for dependent immigrants.
药物依赖患者表现出焦虑和抑郁等负面情绪状态增加，这些情绪与药物渴望及生活质量相互作用。在本研究中，我们比较了有药物依赖和无药物依赖的移民，并评估了移民后的药物依赖和社会地位是否独立影响负面情绪状态、压力应对策略以及在德国的生活满意度。
从苏联移民到德国的移民（N = 80）参与了本研究。将药物依赖移民（24名男性，16名女性，平均[标准差]年龄33[9]岁）与健康移民（26名男性，14名女性，平均年龄35[12]岁）在当前情绪状态、特质焦虑、抑郁、压力应对策略、药物渴望及移民相关数据方面进行比较。
与健康移民相比，药物依赖移民表现出显著更高水平的焦虑、抑郁和消极压力应对策略，且不受教育程度或就业状况差异的影响。对在德国生活的满意度与药物依赖和就业状况均相关。药物渴望的严重程度与负面情绪状态显著相关，但与其他任何测量的社会人口统计学变量无关。
本研究表明，药物依赖与负面情绪状态增加及不良压力应对策略相关，且独立于所评估的社会人口统计学变量。因此，药物依赖可能严重干扰在东道国的文化适应。由于移民往往因文化和语言障碍而面临较少的治疗选择，我们的研究结果强调了为依赖药物的移民提供适当药物治疗设施的重要性。
