Smith Kenesha D, Scott Mollie Ashe, Ketterman Elizabeth, Smith Patrick O
Mountain Area Health Education Center, Asheville, NC, USA.
J Fam Pract. 2005 Apr;54(4):368-9.
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), including gum and patches, decreases cravings and short-term abstinence rates, but does not improve long-term abstinence (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analysis of small randomized controlled studies [RCT]). It is unclear if bupropion has an effect on cessation rates (SOR: B, small RCTs with conflicting results). Behavioral interventions increase abstinence rates for smokeless tobacco users (SOR: B, meta-analysis of small RCTs).
尼古丁替代疗法（NRT），包括口香糖和贴片，可减少烟瘾和短期戒烟率，但不能提高长期戒烟率（推荐强度[SOR]：B，小型随机对照研究[RCT]的荟萃分析）。尚不清楚安非他酮对戒烟率是否有影响（SOR：B，结果相互矛盾的小型RCT）。行为干预可提高无烟烟草使用者的戒烟率（SOR：B，小型RCT的荟萃分析）。
