Bourret M M, Brummer J E, Leininger W C, Heil D M
Department of Forest, Rangeland, and Watershed Stewardship, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
J Environ Qual. 2005 Apr 20;34(3):782-92. doi: 10.2134/jeq2004.0126. Print 2005 May-Jun.
Survival and growth characteristics of two montane riparian willow species, Geyer willow (Salix geyeriana Andersson) and mountain willow (Salix monticola Bebb), grown in amended fluvial mine tailing were investigated in a greenhouse study. Willow stem cuttings were planted in lysimeters that simulated a 60-cm amended tailing profile with three static water depths (20, 40, and 60 cm) and a fluctuating water table for a total of four water table treatments. Species and water table treatments affected plant biomass and chemical composition of the soil and plant tissue. Mountain willow leaf, stem, and root biomass were 62, 95, and 164% greater, respectively, than for Geyer willow. Averaging across species, the fluctuating water table negatively affected leaf and stem biomass compared with the 20- and 60-cm water table treatments. Manganese was the only metal in plant tissue to strongly respond to water table treatments. Manganese concentrations in mountain willow leaf tissue were approximately twofold higher in the two most saturated water table treatments (20 cm and fluctuating) than in the least saturated water table treatment (60 cm). This trend was consistent with chemical analyses of the growth media, which reflected higher bioavailable Mn in the saturated tailing profile compared with the unsaturated profile. Results from this study indicate that mountain willow is a more vigorous and possibly more metal-tolerant species than Geyer willow when grown in amended mine tailing and that a fluctuating water table negatively affects willow growth.
在温室研究中，对生长在改良河流尾矿中的两种山地河岸柳树——盖尔柳（Salix geyeriana Andersson）和山地柳（Salix monticola Bebb）的存活和生长特性进行了研究。将柳树茎插条种植在蒸渗仪中，蒸渗仪模拟了一个60厘米厚的改良尾矿剖面，设置了三个静态水深（20厘米、40厘米和60厘米）以及一个波动水位，总共四种水位处理方式。物种和水位处理方式影响了植物生物量以及土壤和植物组织的化学成分。山地柳的叶、茎和根生物量分别比盖尔柳高62%、95%和164%。综合各物种来看，与20厘米和60厘米水位处理相比，波动水位对叶和茎生物量有负面影响。锰是植物组织中唯一对水位处理有强烈响应的金属。在两种最饱和的水位处理（20厘米和波动水位）下，山地柳叶组织中的锰浓度比最不饱和的水位处理（60厘米）高出约两倍。这一趋势与生长介质的化学分析结果一致，该分析表明饱和尾矿剖面中的生物可利用锰比不饱和剖面中的更高。这项研究的结果表明，在改良尾矿中生长时，山地柳比盖尔柳更具活力，可能也更耐金属，并且波动水位会对柳树生长产生负面影响。
