Whitefoot H, Charman W N
Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, UMIST, Manchester, UK.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1992 Jan;12(1):8-17.
The added positive lens power required for low and high neutrals at a distance of 1/3 m is determined as a function of age for a sample of 221 clinically normal subjects, aged between 10 and 80 years. These dynamic retinoscopy results are compared with corresponding laser optometer measurements of the levels of accommodation under each condition. Dark focus (tonic accommodation) measurements are carried out on a further sample of 58 subjects. Although the mean results of dynamic retinoscopy agree with those found by earlier authors, on the basis of our sample it is concluded that the considerable scatter in neutral values found in normal subjects at any age limits the usefulness of the technique as an indication of abnormality in near responses. Much of this scatter in pre-presbyopic subjects appears to be related to individual variation in the level of tonic accommodation, although near phoria may also play some role.
针对221名年龄在10至80岁之间的临床正常受试者样本，确定了在1/3米距离处低中和高中性所需增加的正透镜屈光度作为年龄的函数。将这些动态检影结果与每种条件下相应的激光验光仪调节水平测量结果进行比较。对另外58名受试者进行了暗焦点（张力性调节）测量。尽管动态检影的平均结果与早期作者的结果一致，但基于我们的样本得出结论，在任何年龄的正常受试者中发现的中性值的相当大的离散性限制了该技术作为近反应异常指标的有用性。在老视前期受试者中，这种离散性很大一部分似乎与张力性调节水平的个体差异有关，尽管近隐性斜视也可能起一定作用。
