用卡介苗对帚尾袋貂（帚尾袋貂）进行结膜接种。

Conjunctival vaccination of the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) with bacille Calmette-Guérin.

作者信息

Corner L A L, Buddle B M

机构信息

EpiCentre, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.

出版信息

N Z Vet J. 2005 Apr;53(2):133-6. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2005.36490.

DOI:10.1080/00480169.2005.36490

PMID:15846397

Abstract

AIM

To determine the efficacy of conjunctival vaccination of captive brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), as measured by immunological responses to vaccination and response to intratracheal challenge with Mycobacterium bovis.

METHODS

Nine adult male brushtail possums were vaccinated by the instillation of a suspension of BCG strain Pasteur 1173P2 into the conjunctival sac of each eye. Each drop contained approximately 2.5 x 105 colony forming units (cfu). At 8 weeks post-vaccination (pv) the vaccinated possums and 10 unvaccinated possums were challenged by intratracheal instillation of approximately 100 cfu of M. bovis. Cellular immune responses to bovine purified protein derivative (PPD) antigen were measured using the lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA). Possums surviving to 50-51 days after challenge were euthanised and subjected to detailed post-mortem examination, including histopathology, to assess protection against tuberculosis. Sections of lung and spleen were cultured for M. bovis.

RESULTS

No conjunctival inflammation or other adverse reactions to the administration of the vaccine were evident macroscopically. The vaccinated group showed a systemic cellular immune response to bovine PPD antigen at 4 and 8 weeks pv, and the response at 8 weeks was significantly greater than at 4 weeks (p<0.05). Conjunctival vaccination induced significant levels of protective immunity, measured as less mass of tuberculous lesions in lung (p<0.05) and less dissemination of disease in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated possums (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Conjunctival vaccination with BCG induced a significant level of protective immunity against M. bovis infection in possums. This route of vaccination, together with intranasal aerosol vaccination, could be utilised in the delivery of an aerosolised vaccine using a device that sprays the vaccine suspension into the eyes and nose of possums.

摘要

目的

通过对卡介苗（BCG）接种的免疫反应以及对牛分枝杆菌气管内攻击的反应，确定对圈养的帚尾袋貂（Trichosurus vulpecula）进行结膜接种卡介苗的效果。

方法

给9只成年雄性帚尾袋貂每只眼睛的结膜囊滴注卡介苗巴斯德1173P2菌株的悬浮液进行接种。每滴含有约2.5×10⁵菌落形成单位（cfu）。接种疫苗后8周（pv），对接种疫苗的袋貂和10只未接种疫苗的袋貂进行气管内滴注约100 cfu的牛分枝杆菌攻击。使用淋巴细胞增殖试验（LPA）测量对牛纯化蛋白衍生物（PPD）抗原的细胞免疫反应。存活至攻击后50 - 51天的袋貂实施安乐死并进行详细的尸检，包括组织病理学检查，以评估对结核病的保护作用。对肺和脾组织切片进行牛分枝杆菌培养。

结果

肉眼观察未发现接种疫苗后有结膜炎症或其他不良反应。接种疫苗组在接种后4周和8周对牛PPD抗原表现出全身性细胞免疫反应，且8周时的反应明显大于4周时的反应（p<0.05）。结膜接种诱导了显著水平的保护性免疫，表现为与未接种疫苗的袋貂相比，接种疫苗的袋貂肺部结核病变质量较轻（p<0.05）且疾病传播较少（p<0.05）。