Rosenberg J C, Beyersdorf T, Pietroski R
Gift of Life Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, USA.
Transplant Proc. 2005 Mar;37(2):571-3. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.12.023.
From 1993 to 2003 there have been significant changes in the number and demographics of deceased donors referred to the organ procurement organization (OPO) in the state of Michigan (USA). It was the aim of this study to document the magnitude of these changes and attempt to explain them. There has been a 26-fold increase in the number of reported in-hospital deaths from 1993 to 2003. Most of these calls (96%) concerned patients who were already dead and thus not suitable for organ donation. There has also been a 72% increase in the number of antemortem calls, but there has been only a 30% increase in the number of organ donors, primarily because the majority of the deceased individuals referred for donation (57% in 2003) do not meet the criteria for brain death. The median age of donors over the past 10 years has increased from 31 to 45. The proportion of African-American donors increased from 9.8% in 1993 to 21.3% in 2003. An increase in the age of donors and the increased frequency of cerebrovascular accidents as the cause of death of donors may be a reflection of changes in criteria for donation. Mandatory reporting of hospital deaths has resulted in an increase in notification to the OPO but has not had a major impact on the number of organ donors. On the other hand, increased donation from African-Americans indicates that public information programs may be contributing to the increased donation from this segment of the population.
1993年至2003年期间，美国密歇根州转交给器官获取组织（OPO）的已故捐赠者数量和人口统计学特征发生了显著变化。本研究的目的是记录这些变化的程度并试图对其作出解释。1993年至2003年期间，报告的医院内死亡人数增加了26倍。其中大多数电话（96%）涉及已经死亡的患者，因此不适合器官捐赠。死前电话数量也增加了72%，但器官捐赠者数量仅增加了30%，主要是因为大多数被推荐进行捐赠的已故个体（2003年为57%）不符合脑死亡标准。过去10年中捐赠者的年龄中位数从31岁增加到了45岁。非裔美国捐赠者的比例从1993年的9.8%增加到了2003年的21.3%。捐赠者年龄的增加以及作为捐赠者死亡原因的脑血管意外发生频率的增加可能反映了捐赠标准的变化。医院死亡的强制报告导致向OPO的通知增加，但对器官捐赠者数量没有重大影响。另一方面，非裔美国人捐赠的增加表明公共信息项目可能有助于该人群捐赠的增加。
