Schreiber H, Behrendt H, Constantinescu L T, Cvitanic I, Drumea D, Jabucar D, Juran S, Pataki B, Snishko S, Zessner M
Leibniz-lnstitute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Mueggelseedamm 310, D-12587 Berlin, Germany.
Water Sci Technol. 2005;51(3-4):283-90.
Nutrient emissions by point and diffuse sources were estimated for 388 sub-catchments of the Danube river basin for the period 1998-2000 by means of the Model MONERIS. For nitrogen total emissions of 684 kt/a N were estimated for the Danube basin. 80% of these emissions were caused by diffuse sources (mainly groundwater, urban areas and tile drainage). For phosphorus the emission was 57 kt/a P, with a contribution of diffuse sources to this sum of 58%. The comparison of calculated and observed loads shows that the mean deviation for the investigated sub-catchments of the Danube river basin is 20% for dissolved inorganic nitrogen and 34% for phosphorus. The spatial resolution of the emission calculations allows the identification of regional hot spots and the derivation of specific regional measures to reduce the emissions into the Danube and consequently into the Western Black Sea.
利用MONERIS模型对多瑙河流域388个次流域1998 - 2000年期间点源和非点源的养分排放进行了估算。多瑙河流域氮的总排放量估计为684千吨/年氮。其中80%的排放是由非点源造成的（主要是地下水、城市地区和瓦管排水）。磷的排放量为57千吨/年磷，非点源对这一总量的贡献为58%。计算负荷与观测负荷的比较表明，多瑙河流域被调查次流域的溶解无机氮平均偏差为20%，磷为34%。排放计算的空间分辨率有助于识别区域热点，并制定具体的区域措施，以减少向多瑙河进而向西黑海的排放。
