de Bruijn Gert-Jan, Kremers Stef P J, Schaalma Herman, van Mechelen Willem, Brug Johannes
Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, University of Maastricht, NL-6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 2005 Jun;40(6):658-67. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.003.
The prevalence of obesity has reached epidemic proportions in many countries and is largely due to behavioral factors that disrupt the energy balance. The purpose of the study was to test how well our conceptual model, combining features from the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Theory of Triadic Influence, explained two behaviors related to the energy balance, namely bicycle use for transportation and snacking behavior in a Dutch adolescent sample.
Data was gathered in an 1997 cross-sectional sample of adolescents (n = 3,859; mean age 14.8 years SD = 1.6) on snacking behavior, bicycle use, demographics, and potential environmental, cognitive and psychological determinants. Data was analyzed using bivariate correlations, multiple linear and binary logistic regression analyses.
Less snacking behavior was associated with female gender and a more positive intention, a more positive attitude, and stronger perceived behavioral control towards restricting snacking. Students who used their bicycle for transportation were more likely to attend secondary education, to be native Dutch, to go to school in a less-urbanized city, to be younger, had a more positive intention and perceived stronger behavioral control and subjective norm towards bicycle use.
The inclusion of environmental factors increased our understanding of bicycle use for transportation and snacking behavior in adolescents. The environmental factors are suggested to be taken into account in interventions aimed at changing these behaviors in more healthy directions.
肥胖症在许多国家已达到流行程度，这在很大程度上归因于扰乱能量平衡的行为因素。本研究的目的是检验我们结合计划行为理论和三元影响理论特征的概念模型，对荷兰青少年样本中与能量平衡相关的两种行为，即交通出行时骑自行车和零食消费行为的解释程度。
1997年对青少年进行横断面抽样（n = 3859；平均年龄14.8岁，标准差 = 1.6），收集有关零食消费行为、骑自行车情况、人口统计学以及潜在环境、认知和心理决定因素的数据。使用双变量相关性、多元线性和二元逻辑回归分析对数据进行分析。
较少的零食消费行为与女性性别以及对限制吃零食更积极的意图、更积极的态度和更强的行为感知控制相关。将自行车用于交通出行的学生更有可能接受中等教育、是荷兰本地人、在城市化程度较低的城市上学、年龄较小，对骑自行车有更积极的意图，并且对自行车使用有更强的行为感知控制和主观规范。
纳入环境因素增进了我们对青少年交通出行时骑自行车和零食消费行为的理解。建议在旨在将这些行为朝着更健康方向改变的干预措施中考虑环境因素。
