Raffe M R
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, Saint Paul.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1992 Mar;22(2):447-8. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(92)50665-9.
Because the risks associated with fluid administration are small, but the effects of fluid withdrawal during anesthesia can be significant, routine fluids should be considered in all cases in which general anesthesia exceeds 45 minutes.
由于输液相关风险较小,但麻醉期间液体引出的影响可能很大,因此在全身麻醉超过45分钟的所有情况下均应考虑常规输液。