Botega Neury José, Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo, Oliveira Helenice Bosco de, Dalgalarrondo Paulo, Marín-León Letícia
Department of Medical Psychology and Psychiatry, School of Medical Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;27(1):45-53. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462005000100011. Epub 2005 Apr 18.
To estimate the life prevalence rates of suicidal ideation, suicidal plans and suicide attempts and verify factors associated to suicidal ideation.
515 individuals > or = 14 years old were selected at random (cluster and stratified sample) and assessed by means of the WHO SUPRE-MISS interview, SRQ-20 and AUDIT. Life prevalence rates were estimated. Uni and multivariate analyses were performed. Odds ratios, together with confidence intervals, were adjusted by gender and age.
Life prevalence rates were 17.1% (95% CI: 12.9 - 21.2) for suicidal ideation, 4.8% (95% CI: 2.8 - 6.8) for plans and 2.8% (95% CI: 0.09 - 4.6) for suicide attempts. Only one-third of those who attempted suicide were later treated at a health facility. The 12-month prevalence rates were, respectively, 5.3% (95% CI: 3.5 - 7.2), 1.9% (95% CI: 1.0 - 2.8) and 0.4% (95% CI: -0.3 - 1.1). Suicidal ideation was more frequently reported by women (OR = 1.7), young adults (20-29 years old: OR = 2.9; 30-39 years old: OR = 3.6, compared to the 14-19 year old group), those living alone (OR = 4.2) and those presenting mental disorders (OR between 2.8 and 3.8).
The prevalence of suicidal behavior was similar to that found in most studies carried out in other countries. Suicidal ideation was consistently associated with factors related to mental disorders or psychological distress. This should be taken into account when developing strategies to prevent suicidal behavior.
估计自杀意念、自杀计划和自杀未遂的终生患病率，并验证与自杀意念相关的因素。
随机选取515名14岁及以上个体（整群分层抽样），通过世界卫生组织SUPRE-MISS访谈、SRQ-20和AUDIT进行评估。估计终生患病率。进行单因素和多因素分析。比值比及其置信区间按性别和年龄进行调整。
自杀意念的终生患病率为17.1%（95%置信区间：12.9 - 21.2），自杀计划为4.8%（95%置信区间：2.8 - 6.8），自杀未遂为2.8%（95%置信区间：0.09 - 4.6）。只有三分之一的自杀未遂者后来在医疗机构接受治疗。12个月患病率分别为5.3%（95%置信区间：3.5 - 7.2）、1.9%（95%置信区间：1.0 - 2.8）和0.4%（95%置信区间：-0.3 - 1.1）。女性（比值比=1.7）、年轻人（20 - 29岁：比值比=2.9；30 - 39岁：比值比=3.6，与14 - 19岁组相比）、独居者（比值比=4.2）以及患有精神障碍者（比值比在2.8至3.8之间）报告自杀意念的频率更高。
自杀行为的患病率与其他国家开展的大多数研究结果相似。自杀意念始终与精神障碍或心理困扰相关因素有关。在制定预防自杀行为的策略时应考虑到这一点。
