Gagnon E B, Aboutanos M B, Malhotra A K, Dompkowski D, Duane T M, Ivatury R R
Division of Trauma Surgery, Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0454, USA.
Am Surg. 2005 Mar;71(3):194-7.
Preventing hurricane-related injuries (HRI) has historically centered on the pre-event and event phases of the disaster. To date, no study has focused on injuries occurring during the postevent phase. We examined HRI that occurred after Hurricane Isabel struck a U.S. urban city. HRI presenting 1 week prior to the hurricane were collected from emergency department electronic records. HRI that presented to our level 1 trauma center were prospectively collected for 1 week after the hurricane. Nine hundred seventy-eight patients with possible HRI were identified. Fifty-one patients with trauma directly attributed to the hurricane were used for analysis. The number of HRI occurring before, during, and after the hurricane were 7 (14%), 3 (6%), and 41 (80%), respectively. The majority of HRI (37%) occurred on posthurricane day 1. Head, chest, upper and lower extremities accounted for 9 (18%), 8 (16%), 13 (26%), and 14 (28%) of HRI. More than one third of HRI patients were admitted to the hospital, and 12 (24%) underwent an operation. The average hospital length of stay was 4.7 days. Of our trauma alerts, 75 per cent had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) >8, and 20 per cent had an ISS >15. Tree-related injuries (TRI) accounted for 59 per cent of HRI. Males, ages 50-60, had the highest incidence of injury (63%). Significant injuries occur in the wake of a hurricane. Optimization of disaster preparation must include prevention strategies targeted to the postevent recovery phase of disasters.
从历史上看，预防飓风相关伤害（HRI）主要集中在灾害的事前和事发阶段。迄今为止，尚无研究关注事发后阶段发生的伤害。我们调查了伊莎贝尔飓风袭击美国一个城市后发生的HRI。从急诊科电子记录中收集飓风来临前1周出现的HRI。前瞻性收集飓风过后1周内送至我们一级创伤中心的HRI。共识别出978例可能患有HRI的患者。51例直接归因于飓风的创伤患者用于分析。飓风来临前、期间和过后发生的HRI数量分别为7例（14%）、3例（6%）和41例（80%）。大多数HRI（37%）发生在飓风过后第1天。头部、胸部、上肢和下肢的HRI分别占9例（18%）、8例（16%）、13例（26%）和14例（28%）。超过三分之一的HRI患者住院治疗，12例（24%）接受了手术。平均住院时间为4.7天。在我们发出的创伤警报中，75%的患者损伤严重程度评分（ISS）>8，20%的患者ISS>15。与树木相关的伤害（TRI）占HRI的59%。年龄在50 - 60岁的男性受伤发生率最高（63%）。飓风过后会发生严重伤害。灾害准备工作的优化必须包括针对灾害事后恢复阶段的预防策略。
