Grimprel Emmanuel, von Sonnenburg Frank, Sänger Roland, Abitbol Veronique, Wolter Joanne M, Schuerman Lode M
Hopital Trousseau, 26, Avenue Dr Arnold Netter, 75012 Paris, France.
Vaccine. 2005 May 25;23(28):3657-67. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.02.013.
Many countries recommend diphtheria, tetanus and/or poliomyelitis boosters in adolescents or adults and the need for pertussis booster vaccination beyond childhood is increasingly recognized. A new combined reduced-antigen-content dTpa-IPV vaccine provides booster vaccination against all four diseases in one single injection. The immunogenicity and safety of the dTpa-IPV vaccine was compared to that of licensed dTpa+IPV or Td-IPV vaccines in 806 adolescents >14 years of age and adults with a heterogeneous vaccination history. The dTpa-IPV vaccine was immunogenic and well tolerated. No clinically significant differences were observed between groups. Anti-tetanus antibody kinetics indicated that each of the vaccines could be used for tetanus prophylaxis in acute wound management. For all vaccines, the lowest post-vaccination antibody concentrations were observed in subjects >40 years of age, those seronegative prior to vaccination and those subjects whose last vaccination was > or =20 years ago. In conclusion, dTpa-IPV vaccination of subjects over 14 years of age was as immunogenic and well tolerated as the licensed dTpa+IPV or Td-IPV vaccines. Vaccination coverage of adults is poor and the use of combined vaccines such as dTpa-IPV during vaccination visits, or for wound management, maximizes opportunities for boosting in these difficult to reach age groups.
许多国家建议在青少年或成人中接种白喉、破伤风和/或脊髓灰质炎加强疫苗,并且人们越来越认识到儿童期之后进行百日咳加强疫苗接种的必要性。一种新的联合低抗原含量的白百破-灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗(dTpa-IPV)单次注射即可提供针对所有四种疾病的加强疫苗接种。在806名14岁以上的青少年和具有不同疫苗接种史的成人中,将dTpa-IPV疫苗的免疫原性和安全性与已获许可的白百破+灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗(dTpa+IPV)或破伤风-灭活脊髓灰质炎疫苗(Td-IPV)进行了比较。dTpa-IPV疫苗具有免疫原性且耐受性良好。各组之间未观察到临床显著差异。抗破伤风抗体动力学表明,每种疫苗均可用于急性伤口处理中的破伤风预防。对于所有疫苗,在40岁以上的受试者、接种前血清学阴性的受试者以及最后一次接种时间≥20年前的受试者中,观察到接种后抗体浓度最低。总之,14岁以上受试者接种dTpa-IPV疫苗的免疫原性和耐受性与已获许可的dTpa+IPV或Td-IPV疫苗相同。成人的疫苗接种覆盖率较低,在接种门诊期间或用于伤口处理时使用dTpa-IPV等联合疫苗,可最大限度地增加在这些难以覆盖的年龄组中进行加强接种的机会。