Leonard Thomas A, Møller-Jensen Jakob, Löwe Jan
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, UK.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Mar 29;360(1455):523-35. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1608.
Bacteria ensure the fidelity of genetic inheritance by the coordinated control of chromosome segregation and cell division. Here, we review the molecules and mechanisms that govern the correct subcellular positioning and rapid separation of newly replicated chromosomes and plasmids towards the cell poles and, significantly, the emergence of mitotic-like machineries capable of segregating plasmid DNA. We further describe surprising similarities between proteins involved in DNA partitioning (ParA/ParB) and control of cell division (MinD/MinE), suggesting a mechanism for intracellular positioning common to the two processes. Finally, we discuss the role that the bacterial cytoskeleton plays in DNA partitioning and the missing link between prokaryotes and eukaryotes that is bacterial mechano-chemical motor proteins.
细菌通过对染色体分离和细胞分裂的协调控制来确保遗传信息传递的准确性。在此,我们综述了调控新复制的染色体和质粒正确亚细胞定位并使其快速向细胞两极分离的分子和机制,以及能够分离质粒DNA的有丝分裂样机制的出现。我们还进一步描述了参与DNA分配的蛋白质(ParA/ParB)与细胞分裂控制蛋白(MinD/MinE)之间惊人的相似性,这表明这两个过程存在共同的细胞内定位机制。最后,我们讨论了细菌细胞骨架在DNA分配中的作用,以及原核生物和真核生物之间缺失的环节——细菌机械化学马达蛋白。