Bibakis I, Zekveld C, Dimitroulis I, Pedioti A, Gerakianaki T, Fanourgiaki S, Kokiadi I, Iliakou-Bibakis V, Newman Taylor A J, Stanford C A, Stanford J L, Cullinan P
Anti-Tuberculosis Unit, Venizalion Hospital, Heraklion, Crete.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2005 May;35(5):624-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02230.x.
Through its powerful immunoregulatory effects, infection with atypical mycobacteria may exert a protective effect on the development of childhood allergic disease.
To examine the relationship between childhood atopy or allergic disease and previous infection with four species of atypical mycobacteria.
Eight hundred and six children aged 8-18 years and living in rural Crete--most of whom had had previous BCG immunization--underwent skin prick testing with 10 aeroallergens; their parents completed a standardized questionnaire relating to allergic disease. No less than 8 weeks later each child underwent intradermal skin tests with 0.1 mL solutions of four selected mycobacterial reagents (Aviumin C, Gordonin, Chelonin and Ranin I).
Twenty-three percent of children were atopic on skin prick testing; far fewer had symptoms of asthma (5%) or hayfever in conjunction with a positive prick test to pollens (2%). Eighty percent of children had positive skin responses to one or more mycobacterial species. Among all children--and those with a BCG scar--there was no association between atopy or allergic symptoms and mycobacterial skin responses; among the few children without a BCG scar however those with positive mycobacterial responses were less likely to be atopic or to report allergic symptoms; these differences were not statistically significant.
Our findings, in a population of BCG-immunized children, do not lend support to the suggestion that infection with atypical mycobacteria is protective against childhood allergic disease.
非典型分枝杆菌感染通过其强大的免疫调节作用，可能对儿童过敏性疾病的发展产生保护作用。
研究儿童特应性或过敏性疾病与既往四种非典型分枝杆菌感染之间的关系。
806名8至18岁生活在克里特岛农村的儿童（大多数曾接种过卡介苗）接受了10种空气变应原的皮肤点刺试验；他们的父母完成了一份与过敏性疾病相关的标准化问卷。不少于8周后，每个儿童接受了用0.1 mL四种选定的分枝杆菌试剂（鸟分枝杆菌素C、戈登分枝杆菌素、龟分枝杆菌素和蛙分枝杆菌素I）溶液进行的皮内皮肤试验。
23%的儿童皮肤点刺试验呈特应性；哮喘症状（5%）或花粉点刺试验阳性伴发枯草热症状（2%）的儿童要少得多。80%的儿童对一种或多种分枝杆菌有阳性皮肤反应。在所有儿童以及有卡介苗疤痕的儿童中，特应性或过敏症状与分枝杆菌皮肤反应之间没有关联；然而，在少数没有卡介苗疤痕的儿童中，分枝杆菌反应阳性的儿童患特应性疾病或报告过敏症状的可能性较小；这些差异无统计学意义。
在接种过卡介苗的儿童群体中，我们的研究结果不支持非典型分枝杆菌感染对儿童过敏性疾病有保护作用这一观点。
