Dressler William W, Balieiro Mauro C, Ribeiro Rosane P, Ernesto Dos Santos José
Department of Anthropology, The University of Alabama, PO Box 870210, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487-0210, USA.
Soc Sci Med. 2005 Aug;61(3):527-40. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.12.013. Epub 2005 Feb 17.
In previous research in Brazil, we tested the hypothesis that cultural consonance is associated with arterial blood pressure. Cultural consonance is the degree to which individuals are able to approximate in their own behaviors the prototypes for behavior encoded in shared cultural models. Individuals who had higher cultural consonance in the domains of lifestyle and social support had lower blood pressures. The aim of the current research was to replicate and extend these findings. First, a more extensive cultural domain analysis was carried out, improving the description of cultural models. Second, more sensitive measures of cultural consonance were developed. Third, data were collected in the same community studied previously. The following findings emerged: (a) cultural domain analysis (using a mix of quantitative and qualitative techniques) indicated that cultural models for these domains are widely shared within the community; (b) the associations of cultural consonance in these domains with arterial blood pressure were replicated; and, (c) the pattern of the associations differed slightly from that observed in earlier research. This pattern of associations can be understood in terms of macrosocial influences over the past ten years. The results support the importance of long-term fieldwork in anthropology.
在巴西之前的研究中，我们检验了文化契合度与动脉血压相关的假设。文化契合度是指个体在自身行为中能够接近共享文化模式中所编码行为原型的程度。在生活方式和社会支持领域文化契合度较高的个体血压较低。当前研究的目的是重复并扩展这些发现。首先，进行了更广泛的文化领域分析，改进了对文化模式的描述。其次，开发了更敏感的文化契合度测量方法。第三，在先前研究的同一社区收集数据。得出了以下发现：（a）文化领域分析（使用定量和定性技术相结合的方法）表明，这些领域的文化模式在社区内广泛共享；（b）这些领域的文化契合度与动脉血压之间的关联得到了重复；并且，（c）这种关联模式与早期研究中观察到的略有不同。这种关联模式可以从过去十年的宏观社会影响方面来理解。研究结果支持了人类学中长期田野调查的重要性。
